ReviewClinical pharmacokinetics2013
Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents.
Review in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Outcomes Related to the Gastrointestinal Trophic Effects of Erythropoietin in Preterm Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Pooled it
- Biosimilar erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and the risk of developing anti-drug antibodies-a systematic review.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2016Pooled it
- A semi-mechanistic population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model to assess downstream drug-target effects on erythropoiesis.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2025Trial
- A phase 1 study of ACE-536, a regulator of erythroid differentiation, in healthy volunteers.American journal of hematology · 2014Trial
- Tetravalent antibodies are more potent and efficacious erythropoiesis-stimulating agents than erythropoietin in vivo.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- Effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on postoperative anemia in children and adolescents undergoing osteosarcoma and potential influencing factors: a single-center retrospective study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of hemoglobin cycling in anemia patients treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Population Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Epoetin Alfa in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Receiving Maintenance Treatment Using Bayesian Approach.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2020Article
- Dose Correction for a Michaelis-Menten Approximation of a Target-Mediated Drug Disposition Model with a Multiple Intravenous Dosing Regimens.The AAPS journal · 2020Article
- Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in elderly patients with anemia: response and cardiovascular outcomes.Blood advances · 2017Article
- A cell-level model of pharmacodynamics-mediated drug disposition.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2016Article
- Pharmacodynamic Model of Hepcidin Regulation of Iron Homeostasis in Cynomolgus Monkeys.The AAPS journal · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The cloning of the EPO gene in the early 1980s allowed for the development of recombinant erythropoietins and analogues [erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs)], offering an alternative to transfusion as a method of raising haemoglobin (Hb) levels, which have been used for more than 20 years to treat anaemia in millions of anaemic patients. There are now a number of ESAs available worldwide for the treatment of anaemia, approved for different routes of administration (intravenous and subcutaneous) and dosing intervals (three times weekly, weekly, biweekly and monthly). In this review, we discuss the pharmacokinetic characteristics, including absorption, distribution and elimination processes, across the different ESAs. Incomplete and slow lymphatic absorption, with limited extravascular distribution, and minor contributions of the target-mediated drug disposition to the overall elimination are the common characteristics across the marketed ESA. Additionally, we assess the similarities and differences of ESAs related to pharmacodynamics in the context of the different biomarkers used to monitor the magnitude and duration of the effect, and introduce the concept of the minimum effective concentration of the ESA. The relationship between the minimum effective concentration and the half-life suggests that the time during which drug concentrations are above the minimum effective concentration is the main determinant of ESA efficacy in increasing Hb levels. The tolerance phenomenon and its physiological mechanism and implications for ESA dosing are discussed. Finally, the areas of future clinical pharmacology research are envisioned.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.