Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23911756›Full record

Trial reportNeurology2013

Antihypertensive drugs decrease risk of Alzheimer disease: Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study.

Sevil Yasar, Jin Xia, Wenliang Yao, Curt D Furberg, Qian-Li Xue, Carla I Mercado, Annette L Fitzpatrick, Linda P Fried, Claudia H Kawas, Kaycee M Sink and 4 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Neurology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 111 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
111citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
12.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

111 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 209 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension (JSH 2019).Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2019
    Guideline
  3. Advancing Alzheimer's research: A review of big data promises.International journal of medical informatics · 2017
    Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Trial
  7. The Correlation between Two Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor's Concentrations and Cognition.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Sevil YasarThe Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. syasar1@jhmi.edu
Jin Xia
Wenliang Yao
Curt D Furberg
Qian-Li Xue
Carla I Mercado
Annette L Fitzpatrick
Linda P Fried
Claudia H Kawas
Kaycee M Sink
Jeff D Williamson
Steven T DeKosky
Michelle C Carlson
Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) Study Investigators
Wake Forest University · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USUniversity of Washington · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

Project 1U19AG024904 · NIA · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE/RES/EDU · PI Duygu Tosun-Turgut · 2016 to 2026
$226.7M
The National Health and Trends StudyU01AG032947 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI VICKI A. FREEDMAN, JENNIFER ANN SCHRACK · 2008 to 2026
$169.4M
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative - SupplementU01AG024904 · NIA · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE RES &EDUC · PI WEINER, MICHAEL W · 2004 to 2015
$121.0M
TRIAL OF VALPROATE TO ATTENUATE THE PROGRESSION OF ADU01AG010483 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI AISEN, PAUL S. · 1991 to 2012
$116.2M
UF FIELD CENTERU01AG022376 · NIA · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI PAHOR, MARCO · 2003 to 2015
$83.3M
RECRUITMENT COREU19AG010483 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI FELDMAN, HOWARD · 2013 to 2020
$80.6M
ARIC Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS) Renewal 2023-2028U01HL096812 · NHLBI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI JOSEF CORESH, THOMAS H MOSLEY · 2010 to 2026
$65.7M
TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASEP50AG005133 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI KAMBOH, M. ILYAS · 1985 to 2019
$43.0M
'T V ASSESSMENT - MEMORY DISORDERED PATIENTS'P50AG005146 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ALBERT, MARILYN S. · 1985 to 2019
$37.6M
UC Irvine Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell CoreP50AG016573 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI LAFERLA, FRANK M · 2000 to 2019
$37.0M
Diversity Supplement to R01AG021055; Clinical, Imaging, and Pathological Studies in the Oldest Old: The 90+ StudyR01AG021055 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI CORRADA, MARIA, KAWAS, CLAUDIA H. · 2002 to 2024
$36.9M
Wake Forest Claude D. Pepper OAIC - RenewalP30AG021332 · NIA · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Denise Kathryn Houston · 2002 to 2026
$36.4M
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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe aim of this study was to determine whether use of diuretics, angiotensin-1 receptor blockers (ARB), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I), calcium channel blockers (CCB), or β-blockers (BB) was associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia in participants with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

methodsSecondary longitudinal data analysis of the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study in older adults at least 75 years of age with normal cognition (n = 1,928) or MCI (n = 320) over a median 6.1-year period using Cox proportional hazard models after adjusting for confounders.

resultsDiuretic use was reported by 15.6%, ARB 6.1%, ACE-I 15.1%, CCB 14.8%, and BB 20.5%. Of the 2,248 participants, 290 (13%) developed AD dementia. Hazard ratio for incident AD dementia among participants with normal cognition was 0.51 in diuretic (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.31-0.82), 0.31 in ARB (95% CI 0.14-0.68), 0.50 in ACE-I (95% CI 0.29-0.83), 0.62 in CCB (95% CI 0.35-1.09), and 0.58 in BB (95% CI 0.36-0.93) users and was not significantly altered when mean systolic blood pressure was above 140 mm Hg. In participants with MCI, only diuretic use was associated with decreased risk (hazard ratio = 0.38, 95% CI 0.20-0.73).

conclusionsDiuretic, ARB, and ACE-I use was, in addition to and/or independently of mean systolic blood pressure, associated with reduced risk of AD dementia in participants with normal cognition, while only diuretic use was associated with reduced risk in participants with MCI.

Indexed as

Ginkgo bilobaAgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAntihypertensive AgentsCalcium Channel BlockersCognitive DysfunctionDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMemoryRisk FactorsAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAntihypertensive AgentsCalcium Channel Blockers

Identifiers

PMID23911756
PMCPMC3885216
OpenAlexW2101090291

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.