ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2013
Spatiotemporal dynamics of emerging pathogens in questing Ixodes ricinus.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Infection rates, species diversity, and distribution of zoonotic Babesia parasites in ticks: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasitology research · 2022Pooled it
- Europe-Wide Meta-Analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Prevalence in Questing Ixodes ricinus Ticks.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Pooled it
- Surveillance of tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from Swiss residents.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Pathogen diversity of the neglected winter tickCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026Article
- Environmental hazard of tick-borne diseases in urban and peri-urban sites in an endemic area of eastern France.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2026Article
- Prevalence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genomic characterization of clinical Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates in the Netherlands over a thirty-year period.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Deep sequencing of 16mSystems · 2025Article
- Dynamics ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) in Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in Iceland.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Article
- The prevalence of pathogens in ticks collected from humans in Belgium, 2021, versus 2017.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Multiple factors affecting Ixodes ricinus ticks and associated pathogens in European temperate ecosystems (northeastern France).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The influence of forest habitat type onCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Spatial and temporal variation of five different pathogens and symbionts inCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Temporal dynamics of theCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Similarities betweenCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Capybara density and climatic factors as modulators of Ehrlichia prevalence in questing ticks in the Iberá wetlands, Argentina.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Tick microbial associations at the crossroad of horizontal and vertical transmission pathways.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Prevalence and predictors of vector-borne pathogens in Dutch roe deer.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Ixodes ricinus transmits Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the etiological agent of Lyme disease. Previous studies have also detected Rickettsia helvetica, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Neoehrlichia mikurensis, and several Babesia species in questing ticks in The Netherlands. In this study, we assessed the acarological risk of exposure to several tick-borne pathogens (TBPs), in The Netherlands. Questing ticks were collected monthly between 2006 and 2010 at 21 sites and between 2000 and 2009 at one other site. Nymphs and adults were analysed individually for the presence of TBPs using an array-approach. Collated data of this and previous studies were used to generate, for each pathogen, a presence/absence map and to further analyse their spatiotemporal variation. R. helvetica (31.1%) and B. burgdorferi sensu lato (11.8%) had the highest overall prevalence and were detected in all areas. N. mikurensis (5.6%), A. phagocytophilum (0.8%), and Babesia spp. (1.7%) were detected in most, but not all areas. The prevalences of pathogens varied among the study areas from 0 to 64%, while the density of questing ticks varied from 1 to 179/100 m². Overall, 37% of the ticks were infected with at least one pathogen and 6.3% with more than one pathogen. One-third of the Borrelia-positive ticks were infected with at least one other pathogen. Coinfection of B. afzelii with N. mikurensis and with Babesia spp. occurred significantly more often than single infections, indicating the existence of mutual reservoir hosts. Alternatively, coinfection of R. helvetica with either B. afzelii or N. mikurensis occurred significantly less frequent. The diversity of TBPs detected in I. ricinus in this study and the frequency of their coinfections with B. burgdorferi s.l., underline the need to consider them when evaluating the risks of infection and subsequently the risk of disease following a tick bite.
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