ArticleArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology2013
Molecular imaging reveals rapid reduction of endothelial activation in early atherosclerosis with apocynin independent of antioxidative properties.
Article in Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bottlenecks in advancing and applying multiomic data integration-common data resources as rate-limiting drivers-the high-impact use case of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Review
- Apocynin, an NADPH Oxidase Enzyme Inhibitor, Prevents Amebic Liver Abscess in Hamster.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Liraglutide Lowers Endothelial Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 in Murine Atherosclerosis Independent of Glucose Levels.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2023Article
- ICAM-1-carrying targeted nano contrast agent for evaluating inflammatory injury in rabbits with atherosclerosis.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Molecular Ultrasound Imaging.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Validation of Normalized Singular Spectrum Area as a Classifier for Molecularly Targeted Microbubble Adherence.Ultrasound in medicine & biology · 2019Article
- Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Atherosclerosis for Early Diagnosis and Therapeutic Evaluation through Leucocyte-like Multiple Targeted Microbubbles.Theranostics · 2018Article
- Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Drug Delivery.Molecular imaging and biology · 2017Review
- Apocynin attenuates angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cells osteogenic switching via suppressing extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Molecular Imaging of Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaques in Animal Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Review
- Systems Biology and Noninvasive Imaging of Atherosclerosis.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2016Review
- Ultrasound molecular imaging: Moving toward clinical translation.European journal of radiology · 2015Review
- Ultrasound imaging for risk assessment in atherosclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2015Review
- Targeting of microbubbles: contrast agents for ultrasound molecular imaging.Journal of drug targetingReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAntioxidative drugs continue to be developed for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Apocynin is an nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties. We used contrast-enhanced ultrasound molecular imaging to assess whether short-term apocynin therapy in atherosclerosis reduces vascular oxidative stress and endothelial activation APPROACH AND
resultsGenetically modified mice with early atherosclerosis were studied at baseline and after 7 days of therapy with apocynin (4 mg/kg per day IP) or saline. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound molecular imaging of the aorta was performed with microbubbles targeted to vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1; MB(V)), to platelet glycoprotein Ibα (MB(Pl)), and control microbubbles (MB(Ctr)). Aortic vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 was measured using Western blot. Aortic reactive oxygen species generation was measured using a lucigenin assay. Hydroethidine oxidation was used to assess aortic superoxide generation. Baseline signal for MBV (1.3 ± 0.3 AU) and MB(Pl )(1.5 ± 0.5 AU) was higher than for MBCtr (0.5 ± 0.2 AU; P<0.01). In saline-treated animals, signal did not significantly change for any microbubble agent, whereas short-term apocynin significantly (P<0.05) reduced vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and platelet signal (MBV: 0.3 ± 0.1; MBPl: 0.4 ± 0.1; MBCtr: 0.3 ± 0.2 AU; P=0.6 between agents). Apocynin reduced aortic vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 expression by 50% (P<0.05). However, apocynin therapy did not reduce reactive oxygen species content, superoxide generation, or macrophage content.
conclusionsShort-term treatment with apocynin in atherosclerosis reduces endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression. This change in endothelial phenotype can be detected by molecular imaging before any measurable decrease in macrophage content and is not associated with a detectable change in oxidative burden.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.