ArticleEarly human development2013
Differences in the sleep states of IUGR and low-risk fetuses: An MCG study.
Article in Early human development, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review on the utility of non-invasive electrophysiological assessment in evaluating for intra uterine growth restriction.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2019Pooled it
- Next-Generation Fetal Heart Monitoring: Leveraging Neural Sequential Modeling for Ultrasound Analysis.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2026Article
- Impact of Kangaroo mother care on autonomic cardiovascular control in foetal-growth-restricted preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Co-developing sleep-wake and sensory foundations for cognition in the human fetus and newborn.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Review
- Real-Time Magnetocardiography with Passive Miniaturized Coil Array in Earth Ambient Field.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Fetal growth restriction and stillbirth: Biomarkers for identifying at risk fetuses.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Assessment of human fetal cardiac autonomic nervous system development using color tissue Doppler imaging.Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Unsupervised hidden semi-Markov model for automatic beat onset detection in 1D Doppler ultrasound.Physiological measurement · 2020Article
- Altered autonomic control of heart rate variability in the chronically hypoxic fetus.The Journal of physiology · 2018Article
- Doppler-based fetal heart rate analysis markers for the detection of early intrauterine growth restriction.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2017Article
- Fetal-growth-restricted preterm infants display compromised autonomic cardiovascular control on the first postnatal day but not during infancy.Pediatric research · 2017Article
- Infant sleep and its relation with cognition and growth: a narrative review.Nature and science of sleep · 2017Review
- Fetal movements as a predictor of health.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2016Review
- Intrauterine growth restriction: impact on cardiovascular development and function throughout infancy.Pediatric research · 2016Review
- STUDIES IN FETAL BEHAVIOR: REVISITED, RENEWED, AND REIMAGINED.Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · 2015Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a fetal condition characterized by growth-rate reduction. Afflicted fetuses tend to display abnormalities in heart rate.
objectiveTo study the differences in the heart-rate variability of low-risk fetuses and IUGR fetuses during different behavioral states.
methodsA total of 40 fetal magnetocardiograms were analyzed from 20 low-risk and 20 IUGR fetuses recorded using a 151-sensor SQUID-array system. The maternal cardiac signals were attenuated using signal-space projection. Fetal R waves were identified using an adaptive Hilbert transform approach and fetal heart rate was calculated. In each three-minute window, the heart rate was classified into patterns reflective of quiet sleep (pattern A) and active sleep (pattern B) using the criteria of Nijhuis. Two adjacent 3-min windows exhibiting the same pattern were selected for analysis from every dataset. Heart-rate variability in that 6-min window was characterized using three measures, standard deviation of normal to normal (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) and phase plane area (PPA).
resultsAll three measures tended to be lower in the IUGR group compared to the low-risk group. However, when the measures were analyzed in patterns, only PPA showed significant difference between the risk groups in pattern A, whereas both PPA and SDNN showed highly significant risk-group differences in pattern B. RMSSD did not show any significant risk-group difference.
conclusionThe result signifies that the heart-rate variability of IUGR fetuses is different from that of low-risk fetuses, and only PPA was able to capture the HRV differences in both quiet and active states. The difference between these two groups of fetuses shows that the fetal-activity states are potential confounders when characterizing heart-rate variability.
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