ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2013
GnRH neurons elaborate a long-range projection with shared axonal and dendritic functions.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 159 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulation of Female Reproductive Functions through Nerve Growth Factor: A Systematic Review.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Knockout of PI4-Kinase A in GnRH Neurons Causes their Prepubertal Death.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Response of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons from female mice to dynamic-clamp-simulated GABAergic conductances across development and after prenatal androgenization.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- PI4-kinase A is essential for survival of the GnRH neurons.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Brain-Specific Gata4 Downregulation in Greywick Female Mice Models the Metabolic Subtype of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- GnRH and Cognition.Endocrinology · 2025Review
- The Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus Dopaminergic Neurons: More Than Just Prolactin Secretion.Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Activation of ionotropic and group I metabotropic glutamate receptors stimulates kisspeptin neuron activity in mice.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Effects of menopause on temperature regulation.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2025Review
- History of the Development of Knowledge about the Neuroendocrine Control of Ovulation-Recent Knowledge on the Molecular Background.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- New methods to investigate the GnRH pulse generator.Journal of molecular endocrinology · 2024Review
- KNDy Neurons of the Hypothalamus and Their Role in GnRH Pulse Generation: an Update.Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons as potential mediators of estradiol negative and positive feedback.Peptides · 2023Review
- Hypothalamic Kisspeptin Neurons: Integral Elements of the GnRH System.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Review
- Modelling KNDy neurons and gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generation.Current opinion in endocrine and metabolic research · 2022Review
- Highlights of neuroanatomical discoveries of the mammalian gonadotropin-releasing hormone system.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2022Review
- The mechanism underlying the pubertal increase in pulsatile GnRH release in primates.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2022Review
- The electrophysiologic properties of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2022Review
- Mathematical models in GnRH research.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2022Review
- The Differential Roles for Neurodevelopmental and Neuroendocrine Genes in Shaping GnRH Neuron Physiology and Deficiency.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Information processing by neurons has been traditionally envisioned to occur in discrete neuronal compartments. Specifically, dendrites receive and integrate synaptic inputs while axons initiate and conduct spikes to distal neuronal targets. We report here in mice, using morphological reconstructions and electrophysiology, that the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons that control mammalian fertility do not conform to this stereotype and instead possess a single projection structure that functions simultaneously as an axon and dendrite. Specifically, we show that the GnRH neuron projection to the median eminence to control pituitary hormone secretion possesses a spike initiation site and conducts action potentials while also exhibiting spines and synaptic appositions along its entire length. Classical axonal or dendritic markers are not detectable in the projection process. Activation of ionotropic glutamate and/or GABA receptors along the GnRH neuron projection is capable of depolarizing the membrane potential and initiating action potentials. In addition, focal glutamate application to the projection is able to regulate the width of propagating spikes. These data demonstrate that GnRH neurons elaborate a previously uncharacterized neuronal projection that functions simultaneously as an axon and dendrite. This structure, termed a "dendron," greatly expands the dynamic control of GnRH secretion into the pituitary portal system to regulate fertility.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.