Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23904507›Full record

ArticleBMJ quality & safety2014

A system-wide approach to explaining variation in potentially avoidable emergency admissions: national ecological study.

Alicia O'Cathain, Emma Knowles, Ravi Maheswaran, Tim Pearson, Janette Turner, Enid Hirst, Steve Goodacre, Jon Nicholl

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ quality & safety, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Alicia O'CathainMedical Care Research Unit, ScHARR, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, , Sheffield, UK.
Emma Knowles
Ravi Maheswaran
Tim Pearson
Janette Turner
Enid Hirst
Steve Goodacre
Jon Nicholl

Funding

Department of Health 10/1010/08
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSome emergency admissions can be avoided if acute exacerbations of health problems are managed by the range of health services providing emergency and urgent care.

aimTo identify system-wide factors explaining variation in age sex adjusted admission rates for conditions rich in avoidable admissions.

designNational ecological study.

setting152 emergency and urgent care systems in England.

methodsHospital Episode Statistics data on emergency admissions were used to calculate an age sex adjusted admission rate for conditions rich in avoidable admissions for each emergency and urgent care system in England for 2008-2011.

resultsThere were 3 273 395 relevant admissions in 2008-2011, accounting for 22% of all emergency admissions. The mean age sex adjusted admission rate was 2258 per year per 100 000 population, with a 3.4-fold variation between systems (1268 and 4359). Factors beyond the control of health services explained the majority of variation: unemployment rates explained 72%, with urban/rural status explaining further variation (R(2)=75%). Factors related to emergency departments, hospitals, emergency ambulance services and general practice explained further variation (R(2)=85%): the attendance rate at emergency departments, percentage of emergency department attendances converted to admissions, percentage of emergency admissions staying less than a day, percentage of emergency ambulance calls not transported to hospital and perceived access to general practice within 48 h.

conclusionsInterventions to reduce avoidable admissions should be targeted at deprived communities. Better use of emergency departments, ambulance services and primary care could further reduce avoidable emergency admissions.

Indexed as

Systems AnalysisAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAmbulatory CareChildChild, PreschoolEmergency Medical Service Communication SystemsEmergency Service, HospitalEnglandFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornLinear ModelsEmergency DepartmentHealthcare Quality ImprovementPrehospital CarePrimary Care

Identifiers

PMID23904507
PMCPMC3888597

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.