ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2013
Protection against tuberculosis with homologous or heterologous protein/vector vaccine approaches is not dependent on CD8+ T cells.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccine against tuberculosis: what's new?BMC infectious diseases · 2014Pooled it
- Enhancing tuberculosis vaccine efficacy with a heterologous mRNA-ChAdOx1 prime-pull strategy targeting lung-resident memory T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Strong immune responses and robust protection following a novel protein in adjuvant tuberculosis vaccine candidate.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Novel mRNA vaccines induce potent immunogenicity and afford protection against tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A review of the efficacy of clinical tuberculosis vaccine candidates in mouse models.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immune correlates of protection as a game changer in tuberculosis vaccine development.NPJ vaccines · 2024Review
- An RNA-Based Vaccine Platform for Use againstVaccines · 2023Article
- Immunogenicity and protection against Mycobacterium avium with a heterologous RNA prime and protein boost vaccine regimen.Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2023Article
- It Takes a Village: The Multifaceted Immune Response toFrontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Controlled Covalent Conjugation of a Tuberculosis Subunit Antigen (ID93) to Liposome ImprovedACS omega · 2020Article
- An autophagy-inducing and TLR-2 activating BCG vaccine induces a robust protection against tuberculosis in mice.NPJ vaccines · 2019Article
- Optimizing Immunization Strategies for the Induction of Antigen-Specific CD4 and CD8 T Cell Responses for Protection against Intracellular Parasites.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2016Article
- Vaccination Produces CD4 T Cells with a Novel CD154-CD40-Dependent Cytolytic Mechanism.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2015Article
- Interferon γ and Tumor Necrosis Factor Are Not Essential Parameters of CD4+ T-Cell Responses for Vaccine Control of Tuberculosis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Tuberculosis vaccines and prevention of infection.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2014Review
- High-frequency vaccine-induced CD8⁺ T cells specific for an epitope naturally processed during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis do not confer protection.European journal of immunology · 2014Article
- Polyclonal activation of naïve T cells by urease deficient-recombinant BCG that produced protein complex composed of heat shock protein 70, CysO and major membrane protein-II.BMC infectious diseases · 2014Article
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- Efficient activation of human T cells of both CD4 and CD8 subsets by urease-deficient recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG that produced a heat shock protein 70-M. tuberculosis-derived major membrane protein II fusion protein.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Considerable effort has been directed to develop Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccines to boost bacille Calmette-Guérin or for those who cannot be immunized with bacille Calmette-Guérin. We hypothesized that CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses with a heterologous prime/boost vaccine approach could induce long-lived vaccine efficacy against M. tuberculosis in C57BL/6 mice. We produced an adenovirus vector expressing ID93 (Ad5-ID93) for induction of CD8 T cells to use with our candidate tuberculosis vaccine, ID93/glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA)-stable emulsion (SE), which induces potent Th1 CD4 T cells. Ad5-ID93 generates ID93-specific CD8(+) T cell responses and induces protection against M. tuberculosis. When Ad5-ID93 is administered in a prime-boost strategy with ID93/GLA-SE, both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells are generated and provide protection against M. tuberculosis. In a MHC class I-deficient mouse model, all groups including the Ad5-ID93 group elicited an Ag-specific CD4(+) T cell response and significantly fewer Ag-specific CD8(+) T cells, but were still protected against M. tuberculosis, suggesting that CD4(+) Th1 T cells could compensate for the loss of CD8(+) T cells. Lastly, the order of the heterologous immunizations was critical. Long-lived vaccine protection was observed only when Ad5-ID93 was given as the boost following an ID93/GLA-SE prime. The homologous ID93/GLA-SE prime/boost regimen also induced long-lived protection. One of the correlates of protection between these two approaches was an increase in the total number of ID93-specific IFN-γ-producing CD4(+) T cells 6 mo following the last immunization. Our findings provide insight into the development of vaccines not only for tuberculosis, but other diseases requiring T cell immunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.