ArticleInternational journal of cancer2014
Case-case comparison of smoking and alcohol risk associations with Epstein-Barr virus-positive gastric cancer.
Article in International journal of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dose-response association between cigarette smoking and gastric cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2024Pooled it
- Circulating Antibodies against Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and p53 in EBV-Positive and -Negative Gastric Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Viral oncogenesis in cancer: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Gastric Cancer Genetics and Its Implications for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of the Disease.The Korean journal of helicobacter and upper gastrointestinal research · 2024Review
- Immune Landscape of Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Gastric Cancer: Analysis From a Western Academic Institution.The Journal of surgical research · 2024Article
- Sex-dependent different clinicopathological characterization of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma: a large-scale study.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2024Article
- Investigating the relationship between Epstein-Barr virus infection and gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Health science reports · 2024Review
- Real-World Situation of Eradication Regimens and Risk Factors forClinical and experimental gastroenterology · 2024Article
- [Infectious Gastric Diseases Other thanThe Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi · 2023Review
- Deciphering gastric inflammation-induced tumorigenesis through multi-omics data and AI methods.Cancer biology & medicine · 2023Review
- Assessing Epstein-Barr virus in gastric cancer: clinicopathological features and prognostic implications.Infectious agents and cancer · 2023Article
- The role of EBV-encoded miRNA in EBV-associated gastric cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Pathogenesis and therapeutic implications of EBV-associated epithelial cancers.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapeutic Management in Virus-Associated Digestive System Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Imaging findings of inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the spleen: A case report and literature review.Oncology letters · 2022Article
- A Comparison of Logistic Regression Against Machine Learning Algorithms for Gastric Cancer Risk Prediction Within Real-World Clinical Data Streams.JCO clinical cancer informatics · 2022Article
- Viral Pathogens in Oesophageal and Gastric Cancer.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Lung Cancer: Insights and Perspectives.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Interplay between Epstein-Barr virus infection and environmental xenobiotic exposure in cancer.Infectious agents and cancer · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 10 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the primary cause of gastric cancer. However, monoclonal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nucleic acid is also present in up to 10% of these tumors worldwide. EBV prevalence is increased with male sex, nonantral localization and surgically disrupted anatomy. To further examine associations between EBV and gastric cancer, we organized an international consortium of 11 studies with tumor EBV status assessed by in situ hybridization. We pooled individual-level data on 2,648 gastric cancer patients, including 184 (7%) with EBV-positive cancers; all studies had information on cigarette use (64% smokers) and nine had data on alcohol (57% drinkers). We compared patients with EBV-positive and EBV-negative tumors to evaluate smoking and alcohol interactions with EBV status. To account for within-population clustering, multilevel logistic regression models were used to estimate interaction odds ratios (OR) adjusted for distributions of sex (72% male), age (mean 59 years), tumor histology (56% Lauren intestinal-type), anatomic subsite (61% noncardia) and year of diagnosis (1983-2012). In unadjusted analyses, the OR of EBV positivity with smoking was 2.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-3.2]. The OR was attenuated to 1.5 (95% CI 1.01-2.3) by adjustment for the possible confounders. There was no significant interaction of EBV status with alcohol drinking (crude OR 1.4; adjusted OR 1.0). Our data indicate the smoking association with gastric cancer is stronger for EBV-positive than EBV-negative tumors. Conversely, the null association with alcohol does not vary by EBV status. Distinct epidemiologic characteristics of EBV-positive cancer further implicate the virus as a cofactor in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.