ArticleSubstance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy2013
Adolescent substance use and peer use: a multilevel analysis of cross-sectional population data.
Article in Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- The cost-effectiveness of family/family-based therapy for treatment of externalizing disorders, substance use disorders and delinquency: a systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2016Pooled it
- Gambling rarely stands alone: clustered addictive behaviours and socioeconomic vulnerability in adolescents.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Investigating the association between school substance programs and student substance use: accounting for informative cluster size.Epidemiologic methods · 2025Article
- Resting-State Sensory-Motor Connectivity between Hand and Mouth as a Neural Marker of Socioeconomic Disadvantage, Psychosocial Stress, Cognitive Difficulties, Impulsivity, Depression, and Substance Use in Children.Journal of cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Risk and Protective Factors for Gambling Among Youth by origin: Findings from the three waves of cross-sectional Finnish School Health Promotion Study among 238,939 Students.Journal of gambling studies · 2024Article
- Individual and Contextual Characteristics Associated With Alcohol Use Among Brazilian Adolescents.International journal of public health · 2022Article
- A multi-level developmental approach towards understanding adolescent mental health and behaviour: rationale, design and methods of the LIFECOURSE study in Iceland.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2021Article
- Do the socioeconomic context and the European geographical area modify parental influences on smoking experimentation among adolescents?European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2021Article
- Psychosocial school environment and health risk behaviours of adolescents in Bulgaria: results from multilevel analysis.International journal of public health · 2020Article
- If kids ruled the world, how would they stop non-medical use of prescription drugs?Journal of health research · 2020Article
- Factors related to an increase of cannabis use among adolescents in Chile: National school based surveys between 2003 and 2017.Addictive behaviors reports · 2020Article
- Pharmacological Treatment of Youth Substance Use Disorders.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2019Review
- Power of the Peer and Parent: Gender Differences, Norms, and Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use Among Adolescents in South Central Kentucky.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2019Article
- Marijuana Use and Dependence in Chilean Adolescents and Its Association with Family and Peer Marijuana Use.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2017Article
- Adolescence and Drug Use Vulnerability: Findings from Neuroimaging.Current opinion in behavioral sciences · 2017Article
- The Burden of Binge and Heavy Drinking on the Brain: Effects on Adolescent and Young Adult Neural Structure and Function.Frontiers in psychology · 2017Review
- The search for healthy schools: A multilevel latent class analysis of schools and their students.Preventive medicine reports · 2016Article
- Influence of school-related factors on smoking among Chilean adolescents: a cross-sectional multilevel study.BMC pediatrics · 2016Article
- Daily tobacco smoking, heavy alcohol use, and hashish use among adolescents in southern Sweden: A population-based multilevel study.Addictive behaviors reports · 2015Article
- Work stress and alcohol consumption among adolescents: moderation by family and peer influences.BMC public health · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLimited evidence exists concerning the importance of social contexts in adolescent substance use prevention. In addition to the important role schools play in educating young people, they are important ecological platforms for adolescent health, development and behaviors. In this light, school community contexts represent an important, but largely neglected, area of research in adolescent substance use and prevention, particularly with regard to peer influences. This study sought to add to a growing body of literature into peer contexts by testing a model of peer substance use simultaneously on individual and school community levels while taking account of several well established individual level factors.
methodWe analyzed population-based data from the 2009 Youth in Iceland school survey, with 7,084 participants (response rate of 83.5%) nested within 140 schools across Iceland. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the data.
resultsSchool-level peer smoking and drunkenness were positively related to adolescent daily smoking and lifetime drunkenness after taking account of individual level peer smoking and drunkenness. These relationships held true for all respondents, irrespective of socio-economic status and other background variables, time spent with parents, academic performance, self-assessed peer respect for smoking and alcohol use, or if they have substance-using friends or not. On the other hand, the same relationships were not found with regard to individual and peer cannabis use.
conclusionsThe school-level findings in this study represent context effects that are over and above individual-level associations. This holds although we accounted for a large number of individual level variables that studies generally have not included. For the purpose of prevention, school communities should be targeted as a whole in substance use prevention programs in addition to reaching to individuals of particular concern.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.