ArticleJournal of neurology2013
Cerebral FDG-PET and MRI findings in autoimmune limbic encephalitis: correlation with autoantibody types.
Article in Journal of neurology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 215 citations in OpenAlex.
- [18F]FDG brain PET and clinical symptoms in different autoantibodies of autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Pooled it
- Molecular Imaging Findings on Acute and Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 on the Brain: A Systematic Review.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2022Pooled it
- BrainEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2021Pooled it
- Diagnosing autoimmune encephalitis in psychiatry: clinical recommendations and unresolved challenges from the GENERATE network.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Clinical utility of Arterial Spin Labeling perfusion images in pediatric neurological emergencies.La Radiologia medica · 2026Review
- Article
- Longitudinal changes in [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Atypical Presentation of Seronegative Autoimmune Encephalitis as Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- MR spectroscopic imaging and its association with EEG, CSF, and psychometric/neuropsychological findings in patients with suspected autoimmune psychosis spectrum syndromes.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2025Article
- Comparison ofEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025Article
- Towards an optimal diagnostic and prognostic model based on semi-quantitative assessment ofFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Morphometric MRI findings in patients with suspected autoimmune psychosis spectrum syndromes and association with EEG slowing, CSF changes, and psychometric/neuropsychological findings.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The clinical and predictive value ofCNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Autoimmune encephalitis: what the radiologist needs to know.Neuroradiology · 2024Review
- Comparison of quantitative FDG-PET and MRI in anti-LGI1 autoimmune encephalitis.Neuroradiology · 2023Article
- Hypometabolism of the left middle/medial frontal lobe on FDG-PET in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: Comparison with MRI and EEG findings.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Neuroimaging characteristics may aid in diagnosis, subtyping, and prognosis in autoimmune encephalitis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Article
- Brain Metabolic Alterations in Seropositive Autoimmune Encephalitis: AnBiomedicines · 2023Article
- Single-Cell Radiotracer Allocation via Immunomagnetic Sorting to Disentangle PET Signals at Cellular Resolution.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2022Article
- Brain Perfusion Alterations on 3D Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin-Labeling MR Imaging in Patients with Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Case Series and Literature Review.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2022Review
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In parallel to the detection of new neuronal autoantibodies, the diagnosis of non-infectious limbic encephalitis has risen. Given that cerebral imaging studies show highly variable results, the present retrospective study investigates imaging findings in association with autoantibody type. An institutional database search identified 18 patients with non-infectious limbic encephalitis who had undergone [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). Sixteen of these patients also underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI and FDG-PET images were categorized as follows: normal (0); mesiotemporal abnormality (1); normal mesiotemporal finding but otherwise abnormal (2). Neuronal autoantibodies were determined in serum and/or CSF. Autoantibodies were grouped according to the cellular localization of their target antigen: antibodies against surface antibodies (i.e., VGKC, NMDAR): 9; antibodies against intracellular antigens (i.e., Hu, Ri, GAD): 4; no autoantibodies: 5. The fraction of abnormal scans was lower for MRI (10/16) than for FDG-PET (14/18). There was a significant association between PET findings and autoantibody type: All patients with autoantibodies against intracellular antigens showed mesiotemporal findings on FDG-PET. In turn, only 2/9 patients with autoantibodies against surface antigens displayed mesiotemporal hypermetabolism. In the remaining seven patients, four scans were rated as normal and three only showed findings outside the mesiotemporal region. A similar association was found using MRI, although this did not reach statistical significance. Autoantibody type was found to be associated with FDG-PET and, to a lesser extent, with MRI imaging results. Our observations may explain the heterogeneity of imaging data in LE and based on in vivo findings support the assumption of different patho mechanisms underlying LE due to antibodies against surface and intracellular antigens, respectively.
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