ArticlemBio2013
IgG protease Mac/IdeS is not essential for phagocyte resistance or mouse virulence of M1T1 group A Streptococcus.
Article in mBio, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lysosomal permeabilization by Group AInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Group A Streptococcal Virulence Factors and Vaccine Development-An Update.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Article
- Immunomodulating Enzymes fromMicroorganisms · 2024Review
- Microbial evasion of the complement system: a continuous and evolving story.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Multicomponent Vaccines against Group A Streptococcus Can Effectively Target Broad Disease Presentations.Vaccines · 2021Article
- Playing With Fire: Proinflammatory Virulence Mechanisms of Group AFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Catch Me if You Can: Streptococcus pyogenes Complement Evasion Strategies.Journal of innate immunity · 2019Review
- Toxins and Superantigens of Group A Streptococci.Microbiology spectrum · 2019Article
- IgM cleavage by Streptococcus suis reduces IgM bound to the bacterial surface and is a novel complement evasion mechanism.Virulence · 2018Article
- Group AFrontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Neutrophils and Bacterial Immune Evasion.Journal of innate immunity · 2018Review
- Competence-induced protein Ccs4 facilitates pneumococcal invasion into brain tissue and virulence in meningitis.Virulence · 2018Article
- Mac Protein is not an Essential Virulence Factor for the Virulent Reference Strain Streptococcus suis P1/7.Current microbiology · 2017Article
- IL-1β is an innate immune sensor of microbial proteolysis.Science immunology · 2016Article
- Genome Analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes Associated with Pharyngitis and Skin Infections.PloS one · 2016Article
- Cationic antimicrobial peptide resistance mechanisms of streptococcal pathogens.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2015Review
- Mechanisms of group A Streptococcus resistance to reactive oxygen species.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2015Review
- Streptolysin O Rapidly Impairs Neutrophil Oxidative Burst and Antibacterial Responses to Group A Streptococcus.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Article
- Disease manifestations and pathogenic mechanisms of Group A Streptococcus.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
unlabelledThe Mac/IdeS protein of group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a secreted cysteine protease with cleavage specificity for IgG and is highly expressed in the GAS serotype M1T1 clone, which is the serotype most frequently isolated from patients with life-threatening invasive infections. While studies of Mac/IdeS with recombinant protein have shown that the protein can potentially prevent opsonophagocytosis of GAS by neutrophils, the role of the protein in immune evasion as physiologically produced by the living organism has not been studied. Here we examined the contribution of Mac/IdeS to invasive GAS disease by generating a mutant lacking Mac/IdeS in the hyperinvasive M1T1 background. While Mac/IdeS was highly expressed and proteolytically active in the hyperinvasive strain, elimination of the bacterial protease did not significantly influence GAS phagocytic uptake, oxidative-burst induction, cathelicidin sensitivity, resistance to neutrophil or macrophage killing, or pathogenicity in pre- or postimmune mouse infectious challenges. We conclude that in the highly virulent M1T1 background, Mac/IdeS is not essential for either phagocyte resistance or virulence. Given the conservation of Mac/IdeS and homologues across GAS strains, it is possible that Mac/IdeS serves another important function in GAS ecology or contributes to virulence in other strain backgrounds. IMPORTANCE: Group A Streptococcus (GAS) causes human infections ranging from strep throat to life-threatening conditions such as flesh-eating disease and toxic shock syndrome. Common disease-associated clones of GAS can cause both mild and severe infections because of a characteristic mutation and subsequent change in the expression of several genes that develops under host immune selection. One of these genes encodes Mac/IdeS, a protease that has been shown to cleave antibodies important to the immune defense system. In this study, we found that while Mac/IdeS is highly expressed in hypervirulent GAS, it does not significantly contribute to the ability of the bacteria to survive white blood cell killing or produce invasive infection in the mouse. These data underscore the importance of correlating studies on virulence factor function with physiologic expression levels and the complexity of streptococcal pathogenesis and contribute to our overall understanding of how GAS causes disease.
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