Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23897942›Full record

Trial reportCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne2013

Efficacy of pain control with topical lidocaine-epinephrine-tetracaine during laceration repair with tissue adhesive in children: a randomized controlled trial.

Stuart Harman, Roger Zemek, Mary Jean Duncan, Yvonne Ying, William Petrcich

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04536493 (Comparison of 2 Application Techniques for LET), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04536493 phase4completednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Comparison of 2 Application Techniques for LET (Lidocaine 4%; Epinephrine 0.1%; Tetracaine 0.5%) Gel Used Prior to Simple Laceration Repair

TypeinterventionalSponsorChildren's Hospital of Orange CountyRan2019 to 2020Enrolled48ConditionsLET, Laceration of SkinArmsLET (lidocaine 4%, epinephrine 0.1%, tetracaine 0.5%) gel (1 application), LET (lidocaine 4%, epinephrine 0.1%
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Stuart Harman
Roger Zemek
Mary Jean Duncan
Yvonne Ying
William Petrcich
University of Ottawa · CAHarman (United Kingdom) · GBOttawa Hospital · CAOttawa Hospital Research Institute

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSome children feel pain during wound closures using tissue adhesives. We sought to determine whether a topically applied analgesic solution of lidocaine-epinephrine-tetracaine would decrease pain during tissue adhesive repair.

methodsWe conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded trial involving 221 children between the ages of 3 months and 17 years. Patients were enrolled between March 2011 and January 2012 when presenting to a tertiary-care pediatric emergency department with lacerations requiring closure with tissue adhesive. Patients received either lidocaine-epinephrine-tetracaine or placebo before undergoing wound closure. Our primary outcome was the pain rating of adhesive application according to the colour Visual Analogue Scale and the Faces Pain Scale--Revised. Our secondary outcomes were physician ratings of difficulty of wound closure and wound hemostasis, in addition to their prediction as to which treatment the patient had received.

resultsChildren who received the analgesic before wound closure reported less pain (median 0.5, interquartile range [IQR] 0.25-1.50) than those who received placebo (median 1.00, IQR 0.38-2.50) as rated using the colour Visual Analogue Scale (p=0.01) and Faces Pain Scale--Revised (median 0.00, IQR 0.00-2.00, for analgesic v. median 2.00, IQR 0.00-4.00, for placebo, p<0.01). Patients who received the analgesic were significantly more likely to report having or to appear to have a pain-free procedure (relative risk [RR] of pain 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37-0.80). Complete hemostasis of the wound was also more common among patients who received lidocaine-epinephrine-tetracaine than among those who received placebo (78.2% v. 59.3%, p=0.008).

interpretationTreating minor lacerations with lidocaine-epinephrine-tetracaine before wound closure with tissue adhesive reduced ratings of pain and increased the proportion of pain-free repairs among children aged 3 months to 17 years. This low-risk intervention may benefit children with lacerations requiring tissue adhesives instead of sutures.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, no. PR 6138378804.

Indexed as

Administration, CutaneousAdolescentAnesthetics, LocalChildChild, PreschoolDrug CombinationsEmergency Service, HospitalEpinephrineFemaleHumansInfantLacerationsLidocaineMalePainPain MeasurementAnesthetics, LocalDrug CombinationsEpinephrineLidocaineTetracaineTissue Adhesives

Identifiers

PMID23897942
PMCPMC3778493
OpenAlexW2104473336

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.