ArticleHormones and behavior2013
Progesterone and vitamin D: Improvement after traumatic brain injury in middle-aged rats.
Article in Hormones and behavior, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Progesterone on Preclinical Animal Models of Traumatic Brain Injury: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Pooled it
- Drugs with anti-inflammatory effects to improve outcome of traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2020Pooled it
- Neuroprotective Role of Oral Vitamin D Supplementation on Consciousness and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Determining Severity Outcome in Acute Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical drug investigation · 2020Trial
- Neuroprotective Roles of Vitamin D: Bridging the Gap Between Mechanisms and Clinical Applications in Cognitive Decline.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The importance of behavioral interventions in traumatic brain injury.Surgical neurology international · 2024Review
- Article
- Neurosteroid Receptor Modulators for Treating Traumatic Brain Injury.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023Review
- Multi-Mechanistic Approaches to the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Neuro-Inflammation Modulation and Post-Traumatic Brain Injury Lesions: From Bench to Bed-Side.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Ribonuclease-1 treatment after traumatic brain injury preserves blood-brain barrier integrity and delays secondary brain damage in mice.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Neuroprotective effect of paricalcitol in a rat model of transient global cerebral ischemia.International journal of emergency medicine · 2020Article
- Vitamin D Deficiency: Effects on Oxidative Stress, Epigenetics, Gene Regulation, and Aging.Biology · 2019Review
- Levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin DMetabolic brain disease · 2019Article
- Effects of Female Sex Steroids Administration on Pathophysiologic Mechanisms in Traumatic Brain Injury.Translational stroke research · 2018Review
- Sex-related responses after traumatic brain injury: Considerations for preclinical modeling.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2018Review
- Vitamin D receptor activation influences the ERK pathway and protects against neurological deficits and neuronal death.International journal of molecular medicine · 2018Article
- Neurobehavioral testing in subarachnoid hemorrhage: A review of methods and current findings in rodents.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2017Review
- Prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency in adults after traumatic brain injury.Clinical endocrinology · 2016Article
- Vitamins and nutrients as primary treatments in experimental brain injury: Clinical implications for nutraceutical therapies.Brain research · 2016Review
- Treatment of traumatic brain injury with anti-inflammatory drugs.Experimental neurology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Progesterone (PROG) and vitamin D hormone (VDH) have both shown promise in treating traumatic brain injury (TBI). Both modulate apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and excitotoxicity. We investigated whether 21 days of VDH deficiency would alter cognitive behavior after TBI and whether combined PROG and VDH would improve behavioral and morphological outcomes more than either hormone alone in VDH-deficient middle-aged rats given bilateral contusions of the medial frontal cortex. PROG (16 mg/kg) and VDH (5 μg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally 1 h post-injury. Eight additional doses of PROG were injected subcutaneously over 7 days post-injury. VDH deficiency itself did not significantly reduce baseline behavioral functions or aggravate impaired cognitive outcomes. Combination therapy showed moderate improvement in preserving spatial and reference memory but was not significantly better than PROG monotherapy. However, combination therapy significantly reduced neuronal loss and the proliferation of reactive astrocytes, and showed better efficacy compared to VDH or PROG alone in preventing MAP-2 degradation. VDH+PROG combination therapy may attenuate some of the potential long-term, subtle, pathophysiological consequences of brain injury in older subjects.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.