Trial reportPloS one2013
Modification of electrical pain threshold by voluntary breathing-controlled electrical stimulation (BreEStim) in healthy subjects.
Trial report in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autologous fat grafting to the paravertebral space seems to prevent the postherpetic neuralgia-A single-arm pilot study.Brain and behavior · 2023Trial
- Adhesive pyramidal thorn patches provide pain relief to athletes.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2019Trial
- Breathing-Controlled Electrical Stimulation (BreEStim) Selectively Modulates Affective and Cognitive Components of Pain-An EEG Study.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploratory Analysis of Respiratory Variability in Relation to Disease Impact, Affective Symptoms, and Pain Sensitivity in Fibromyalgia.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
- Modulation of Pain Sensitivity by a Hyperventilatory Breathing Exercise and Cold Exposure Training.Journal of pain research · 2023Article
- Neuropathic pain modulation after spinal cord injury by breathing-controlled electrical stimulation (BreEStim) is associated with restoration of autonomic dysfunction.Journal of pain research · 2018Article
- Automated classification of pain perception using high-density electroencephalography data.Journal of neurophysiology · 2017Article
- A novel nonpharmacological intervention - breathing-controlled electrical stimulation for neuropathic pain management after spinal cord injury - a preliminary study.Journal of pain research · 2016Article
- Pain modulation effect of breathing-controlled electrical stimulation (BreEStim) is not likely to be mediated by deep and fast voluntary breathing.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Tactile, thermal, and electrical thresholds in patients with and without phantom limb pain after traumatic lower limb amputation.Journal of pain research · 2015Article
- Habituation to experimentally induced electrical pain during voluntary-breathing controlled electrical stimulation (BreEStim).PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPain has a distinct sensory and affective (i.e., unpleasantness) component. BreEStim, during which electrical stimulation is delivered during voluntary breathing, has been shown to selectively reduce the affective component of post-amputation phantom pain. The objective was to examine whether BreEStim increases pain threshold such that subjects could have improved tolerance of sensation of painful stimuli.
methodsEleven pain-free healthy subjects (7 males, 4 females) participated in the study. All subjects received BreEStim (100 stimuli) and conventional electrical stimulation (EStim, 100 stimuli) to two acupuncture points (Neiguan and Weiguan) of the dominant hand in a random order. The two different treatments were provided at least three days apart. Painful, but tolerable electrical stimuli were delivered randomly during EStim, but were triggered by effortful inhalation during BreEStim. Measurements of tactile sensation threshold, electrical sensation and electrical pain thresholds, thermal (cold sensation, warm sensation, cold pain and heat pain) thresholds were recorded from the thenar eminence of both hands. These measurements were taken pre-intervention and 10-min post-intervention.
resultsThere was no difference in the pre-intervention baseline measurement of all thresholds between BreEStim and EStim. The electrical pain threshold significantly increased after BreEStim (27.5±6.7% for the dominant hand and 28.5±10.8% for the non-dominant hand, respectively). The electrical pain threshold significantly decreased after EStim (9.1±2.8% for the dominant hand and 10.2±4.6% for the non-dominant hand, respectively) (F[1, 10] = 30.992, p = .00024). There was no statistically significant change in other thresholds after BreEStim and EStim. The intensity of electrical stimuli was progressively increased, but no difference was found between BreEStim and EStim.
conclusionVoluntary breathing controlled electrical stimulation selectively increases electrical pain threshold, while conventional electrical stimulation selectively decreases electrical pain threshold. This may translate into improved pain control.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.