ArticlePloS one2013
Human coronavirus HKU1 infection of primary human type II alveolar epithelial cells: cytopathic effects and innate immune response.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- UHRF1 restricts HCoV-229E infection through epigenetic silencing of the viral receptor APN.Nature communications · 2025Article
- From zoonotic spillover to endemicity: the broad determinants of human coronavirus tropism.mBio · 2025Review
- Human coronavirus HKU1 spike structures reveal the basis for sialoglycan specificity and carbohydrate-promoted conformational changes.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Identification of the critical residues of TMPRSS2 for entry and host range of human coronavirus HKU1.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 NSP5 antagonizes MHC II expression by subverting histone deacetylase 2.Journal of cell science · 2024Article
- Ultrastructural study confirms the formation of single and heterotypic syncytial cells in bronchoalveolar fluids of COVID-19 patients.Virology journal · 2023Article
- The Mechanism and Consequences of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Mediated Fusion and Syncytia Formation.Journal of molecular biology · 2022Review
- Roles of Sialyl Glycans in HCoV-OC43, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 Infections.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants display enhanced Spike-mediated syncytia formation.The EMBO journal · 2021Article
- Kallikrein 13 serves as a priming protease during infection by the human coronavirus HKU1.Science signaling · 2020Article
- Research Progress on Coronavirus Prevention and Control in Animal-Source Foods.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2020Review
- Sequential, within-season infection with influenza A (H3N2) in a usually healthy vaccinated child.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2019Article
- Respiratory epithelial cells as master communicators during viral infections.Current clinical microbiology reports · 2019Article
- Viral Respiratory Tract Infection During the First Postoperative Year Is a Risk Factor for Chronic Rejection After Lung Transplantation.Transplantation direct · 2018Article
- Crystal structure of the receptor binding domain of the spike glycoprotein of human betacoronavirus HKU1.Nature communications · 2017Article
- Coronaviruses - drug discovery and therapeutic options.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2016Review
- Coronaviruses and the human airway: a universal system for virus-host interaction studies.Virology journal · 2016Review
- Identification of the Receptor-Binding Domain of the Spike Glycoprotein of Human Betacoronavirus HKU1.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Human Coronavirus HKU1 Spike Protein Uses O-Acetylated Sialic Acid as an Attachment Receptor Determinant and Employs Hemagglutinin-Esterase Protein as a Receptor-Destroying Enzyme.Journal of virology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Because they are the natural target for respiratory pathogens, primary human respiratory epithelial cells provide the ideal in vitro system for isolation and study of human respiratory viruses, which display a high degree of cell, tissue, and host specificity. Human coronavirus HKU1, first discovered in 2005, has a worldwide prevalence and is associated with both upper and lower respiratory tract disease in both children and adults. Research on HCoV-HKU1 has been difficult because of its inability to be cultured on continuous cell lines and only recently it was isolated from clinical specimens using primary human, ciliated airway epithelial cells. Here we demonstrate that HCoV-HKU1 can infect and be serially propagated in primary human alveolar type II cells at the air-liquid interface. We were not able to infect alveolar type I-like cells or alveolar macrophages. Type II alveolar cells infected with HCoV-HKU1 demonstrated formation of large syncytium. At 72 hours post inoculation, HCoV-HKU1 infection of type II cells induced increased levels of mRNAs encoding IL29,CXCL10, CCL5, and IL-6 with no significant increases in the levels of IFNβ. These studies demonstrate that type II cells are a target cell for HCoV-HKU1 infection in the lower respiratory tract, that type II alveolar cells are immune-competent in response to infection exhibiting a type III interferon and proinflammatory chemokine response, and that cell to cell spread may be a major factor for spread of infection. Furthermore, these studies demonstrate that human alveolar cells can be used to isolate and study novel human respiratory viruses that cause lower respiratory tract disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.