ArticleObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2014
The progression of cardiometabolic disease: validation of a new cardiometabolic disease staging system applicable to obesity.
Article in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05284162 (Effects of a Theory-guided Health Coaching Programme on Health Promoting Behaviours in Middle-Aged Adults With Cardiometabolic Risk), which is not on this map. Cited by 85 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of a Theory-guided Health Coaching Programme on Health Promoting Behaviours in Middle-Aged Adults With Cardiometabolic Risk: a Randomised Controlled Trial
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases among ART-naïve people with HIV: A global systematic review and meta-analysis.HIV medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Policy models for preventative interventions in cardiometabolic diseases: a systematic review.BMC health services research · 2025Pooled it
- The conceptualisation of cardiometabolic disease policy model in the UK.BMC health services research · 2024Pooled it
- Propolis supplementation can reduce serum level of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor-α: an updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis on randomized clinical trials.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Cultural validation and language translation of the scientific SCI exercise guidelines for use in Indonesia, Japan, Korea, and Thailand.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2022Pooled it
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2022Guideline
- Impact of objectively-measured sleep duration on cardiometabolic health: A systematic review of recent evidence.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Developing a Complex Understanding of Physical Activity in Cardiometabolic Disease from Low-to-Middle-Income Countries-A Qualitative Systematic Review with Meta-Synthesis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Fermented Dairy Products, Probiotic Supplementation, and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- The Edmonton Obesity Staging System and pregnancy outcomes in women with overweight or obesity: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.Clinical obesity · 2022Trial
- Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Among Older Adults with Obesity: An Ancillary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating Exercise Plus Weight Maintenance and Exercise Plus Intentional Weight Loss by Caloric Restriction.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2022Trial
- Diagnosis, staging and management of obesity: a synthesis of contemporary guidelines.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- An integrated cardiometabolic genetic testing program in a predominantly Hispanic population within a community setting.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2026Article
- Screening, Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Staging of Obesity in Adults: Standards of Care in Overweight and Obesity-2026.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2026Review
- Cardio-metabolic risk among healthcare providers: A latent profile study.Journal of cardiovascular and thoracic research · 2025Article
- Vitamin E and Fatty Acid Intake and Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity Risk: The Mediating Role of Plasma Lipid Metabolites.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The association between dietary iron intake and the incidence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: the mediating role of biological age.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Inflammation mediates the relationship between cardiometabolic index and vulnerable plaque in patients with acute coronary syndrome.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Adding social determinants of health to the equation: Development of a cardiometabolic disease staging model using clinical and social determinants of health to predict type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo validate a Cardiometabolic Disease Staging (CMDS) system for assigning risk level for diabetes, and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. DESIGN AND
methodsTwo large national cohorts, CARDIA and NHANES III, were used to validate CMDS. CMDS: Stage 0: metabolically healthy; Stage 1: one or two metabolic syndrome risk factors [other than impaired fasting glucose (IFG)]; Stage 2: IFG or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or metabolic syndrome (without IFG); Stage 3: two of three (IFG, IGT, and/or metabolic syndrome); and Stage 4: type 2 diabetes mellitus/CVD.
resultsIn the CARDIA study, compared with Stage 0 metabolically healthy subjects, adjusted risk for diabetes exponentially increased from Stage 1 [hazard ratio (HR) 2.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.76-4.55], to Stage 2 (HR 8.06, 95% CI 4.91-13.2), to Stage 3 (HR 23.5, 95% CI 13.7-40.1) (P for trend <0.001). In NHANES III, both cumulative incidence and multivariable adjusted HRs markedly increased for both all-cause and CVD mortality with advancement of the risk stage from Stages 0 to 4. Adjustment for body mass index (BMI) minimally affected the risks for diabetes and all-cause/CVD mortality using CMDS.
conclusionCMDS can discriminate a wide range of risk for diabetes, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality independent of BMI, and should be studied as a risk assessment tool to guide interventions that prevent and treat cardiometabolic disease.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.