Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23891181›Full record

ArticleBioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters2013

Synthesis and antifungal activities of miltefosine analogs.

Ranga Rao Ravu, Ying-Lien Chen, Melissa R Jacob, Xuewen Pan, Ameeta K Agarwal, Shabana I Khan, Joseph Heitman, Alice M Clark, Xing-Cong Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Miltefosine AgainstFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Ranga Rao RavuNational Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA.
Ying-Lien Chen
Melissa R Jacob
Xuewen Pan
Ameeta K Agarwal
Shabana I Khan
Joseph Heitman
Alice M Clark
Xing-Cong Li
University of Mississippi · USDuke Medical Center · USBaylor College of Medicine · US

Funding

Social and Behavioral Sciences CoreP30AI064518 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Nwora Lance Okeke · 2005 to 2026
$50.5M
NEW DRUGS FOR OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIOUS DISEASESR01AI027094 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI · PI CLARK, ALICE M. · 1989 to 2013
$4.4M
Novel Antifungal Therapeutic ApproachesR01AI050438 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 2001 to 2012
$3.3M
Functional Variomics and ApplicationsR01HG004840 · NHGRI · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI PAN, XUEWEN · 2009 to 2011
$1.6M
NHGRI NIH HHS HG004840NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG004840NIAID NIH HHS 2P30 AI064518-06NIAID NIH HHS AI 27094NIAID NIH HHS AI50438NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI064518NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI027094NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050438
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Miltefosine is an alkylphosphocholine that shows broad-spectrum in vitro antifungal activities and limited in vivo efficacy in mouse models of cryptococcosis. To further explore the potential of this class of compounds for the treatment of systemic mycoses, nine analogs (3a-3i) were synthesized by modifying the choline structural moiety and the alkyl chain length of miltefosine. In vitro testing of these compounds against the opportunistic fungal pathogens Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Cryptococcus neoformans revealed that N-benzyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-{[(hexadecyloxy)hydroxyphosphinyl]oxy}ethanaminium inner salt (3a), N,N-dimethyl-N-(4-nitrobenzyl)-2-{[(hexadecyloxy)hydroxyphosphinyl]oxy}ethanaminium inner salt (3d), and N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-{[(hexadecyloxy)hydroxyphosphinyl]oxy}ethanaminium inner salt (3e) exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 2.5-5.0 μg/mL against all tested pathogens, when compared to miltefosine with MICs of 2.5-3.3 μg/mL. Compound 3a showed low in vitro cytotoxicity against three mammalian cell lines similar to miltefosine. In vivo testing of 3a and miltefosine against C. albicans in a mouse model of systemic infection did not demonstrate efficacy. The results of this study indicate that further investigation will be required to determine the potential usefulness of the alkylphosphocholines in the treatment of invasive fungal infections.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntifungal AgentsAspergillosisAspergillus fumigatusCandidaCandidiasisCell LineCryptococcosisCryptococcus neoformansFungiHumansMiceMycosesPhosphorylcholineAntifungal AgentsmiltefosinePhosphorylcholineAlkylphosphocholineAntifungalCandidiasisCryptococcosisMiltefosine

Identifiers

PMID23891181
PMCPMC3760157
OpenAlexW2085846741

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.