ArticleSpringerPlus2013
Hot ambient conditions shift the Force / EMG relationship.
Article in SpringerPlus, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The interactive effect of cooling and hypoxia on forearm fatigue development.European journal of applied physiology · 2015Trial
- Passive thigh heating increases peak torque but does not attenuate declines in force production during repeated isokinetic knee extensor exercise in older adults.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Approaches for retraining sEMG classifiers for upper-limb prostheses.Frontiers in neurorobotics · 2025Article
- Influence of temperature on twitch potentiation following submaximal voluntary contractions in human plantar flexor muscles.Physiological reports · 2023Article
- Hypoxia and Fatigue Impair Rapid Torque Development of Knee Extensors in Elite Alpine Skiers.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Reliability of H-reflex in vastus lateralis and vastus medialis muscles during passive and active isometric conditions.European journal of applied physiology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis manuscript reports the data from two interventions on human subjects aiming to determine the effect of elevated core (HOT-core, study 1, 14 participants) and skin (HOT-skin, study 2, 11 participants) temperature on the force / EMG relationship.
methodsIn both studies, participant underwent an experimental trial and a control (CON) trial, in which maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) of the plantar flexors, surface EMG recordings of both the soleus and gastrocnemius medialis (GM), and electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve were performed to determine the percentage of voluntary activation (VA). During the HOT-core trial, rectal temperature was passively increased and then clamped at 39°C by adjusting the room temperature in the range of 46-50°C. During the HOT-skin trial, tests were performed in a temperate environment (~20°C) and skin temperature was locally affected by applying a cool or a hot pack during 1 min.
resultsHOT-core resulted in a decrease in MVC torque (-19%) and VA (-5%) (p < 0.05). HOT-skin did not induce any changes in MVC torque (-1%) or VA (+0%). However, the EMG activity (RMS) was decreased both in HOT-core (soleus -40%, GM -33%) and HOT-skin (soleus -10%, GM -13%), compared with CON (p < 0.05).
conclusionThe effect of skin temperature on EMG recordings may be attributed to both methodological and physiological factors. Hot ambient conditions shift the Torque / EMG relationship to the left, with the decrement in torque induced with passive hyperthermia lower than the decrement in EMG.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.