ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2013
Identification of a colonial chordate histocompatibility gene.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intra-colony divergence and global allele sharing reflect purifying selection and recombination at the Botryllus histocompatibility factor locus.Immunogenetics · 2026Article
- Multi-stage single-cell atlas of a chordate non-embryonic development unveils dedifferentiating bud founder cells.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Electrical stimulation promotes longevity and regeneration in a colonial chordate.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Survival Benefits Outweigh Germline Competition Costs in Kin Chimeras.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Exceptional diversity of allorecognition receptors in a nonvertebrate chordate reveals principles of innate allelic discrimination.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Germline stem cell isolation, lineage tracing, and aging in a protochordate.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Electrical Stimulation Rejuvenates Tunicates: Altered Stem Cell and Immune Activity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Histocompatibility in Botryllus schlosseri and the origins of adaptive immunity.Immunogenetics · 2025Review
- From seabed to sickbed: lessons gained from allorecognition in marine invertebrates.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Genotype-specific Expression of Uncle Fester Suggests a Role in Allorecognition Education in a Basal Chordate.Integrative and comparative biology · 2024Article
- Genotype-specific expression ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Evolutionary insights and functional diversity of gasdermin family proteins and homologs in microorganisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Kin-recognition and predation shape collective behaviors in the cannibalistic nematode Pristionchus pacificus.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Stem cell-mediated development, regeneration, chimerism, and aging in the colonial chordate Botryllus schlosseri.Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) · 2023Article
- Multiple Forms of Neural Cell Death in the Cyclical Brain Degeneration of A Colonial Chordate.Cells · 2023Article
- Multiple Alr genes exhibit allorecognition-associated variation in the colonial cnidarian Hydractinia.Immunogenetics · 2022Article
- A family of unusual immunoglobulin superfamily genes in an invertebrate histocompatibility complex.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Innate Immunity Mechanisms in Marine Multicellular Organisms.Marine drugs · 2022Review
- The Hydractinia allorecognition system.Immunogenetics · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Histocompatibility is the basis by which multicellular organisms of the same species distinguish self from nonself. Relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying histocompatibility reactions in lower organisms. Botryllus schlosseri is a colonial urochordate, a sister group of vertebrates, that exhibits a genetically determined natural transplantation reaction, whereby self-recognition between colonies leads to formation of parabionts with a common vasculature, whereas rejection occurs between incompatible colonies. Using genetically defined lines, whole-transcriptome sequencing, and genomics, we identified a single gene that encodes self-nonself and determines "graft" outcomes in this organism. This gene is significantly up-regulated in colonies poised to undergo fusion and/or rejection, is highly expressed in the vasculature, and is functionally linked to histocompatibility outcomes. These findings establish a platform for advancing the science of allorecognition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.