ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2013
T follicular helper cell dynamics in germinal centers.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 245 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
245 citing papers in PubMed, 361 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viral subversion of B-cell tolerance: mechanisms linking infection to autoimmunity.EMBO reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Targeting T follicular helper cells for lifelong health.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- How compartmentalization and proliferation shape the splenic T cell repertoire during an immune response to a complex antigen in mice.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Regulation of follicular helper T cell subset differentiation in health and disease.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Germinal Center Selection and Plasma Cell Differentiation.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Single-component self-assembling protein nanoparticles displaying stabilized prefusion-closed hemagglutinin trimers for influenza vaccine development.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Chronic stress unleashes an intratumor phage-fibroblast-B cell circuit to promote tumor growth.Cancer cell · 2026Article
- Schistosomiasis vaccine SchistoShield® induces functional immune memory responses in US and African populations.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Clonal dynamics of germinal center refueling by secondary immunization.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Targeting PD-1Science advances · 2026Article
- Aging restricts maturation of CXCL13bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Inflammatory arthritis irAE may represent a unique autoimmune disease primarily driven by T cells but likely not autoantibodies.Science advances · 2026Article
- Spatial Profiling of Germinal Centers in Mouse Secondary Lymphoid Organs Using MACSima Imaging Cyclic Staining Technology.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Decoding autoimmune disease with single-cell immune repertoire and transcriptome sequencing: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Rational design of next-generation filovirus vaccines combining glycoprotein stabilization and nanoparticle display with glycan modification.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Modeling the Synergetic Dynamics of B cells and TbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- T follicular helper cells in primary immune regulatory disorders.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Dynamics of local B cell migration during affinity maturation in the human tonsil.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
185 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
T follicular helper (T(FH)) cells are a specialized subset of effector T cells that provide help to and thereby select high-affinity B cells in germinal centers (GCs). To examine the dynamic behavior of T(FH) cells in GCs in mice, we used two-photon microscopy in combination with a photoactivatable fluorescent reporter. Unlike GC B cells, which are clonally restricted, T(FH) cells distributed among all GCs in lymph nodes and continually emigrated into the follicle and neighboring GCs. Moreover, newly activated T(FH) cells invaded preexisting GCs, where they contributed to B cell selection and plasmablast differentiation. Our data suggest that the dynamic exchange of T(FH) cells between GCs ensures maximal diversification of T cell help and that their ability to enter ongoing GCs accommodates antigenic variation during the immune response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.