ArticleAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2014
Parity and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Swedish Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis study.
Article in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Number of Pregnancies is Associated with an Increased Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Evidence from NHANES 2015-2018.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- On Exposure Definition and Temporal Interpretation in the Reported Association Between Number of Pregnancies and Rheumatoid Arthritis [Letter].International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Joint Tissues: Convergence and Divergence of the Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Association between age at first birth and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in women: Evidence from NHANES 2011-2020.PloS one · 2025Article
- Helper T cells: A potential target for sex hormones to ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis? (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2024Review
- Article
- Hormonal and Reproductive Factors in Relation to Cardiovascular Events in Women with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Peptidylarginine deiminase enzymes and citrullinated proteins in female reproductive physiology and associated diseases†.Biology of reproduction · 2022Review
- What is the impact of sex hormones on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis?Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- The Genetic, Environmental, and Immunopathological Complexity of Autoantibody-Negative Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Assessing improved risk prediction of rheumatoid arthritis by environmental, genetic, and metabolomic factors.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2021Article
- Gynecological/Obstetric Background and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cross-sectional Study in Brazilian Patients.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2021Article
- Age at menarche, age at natural menopause, and risk of rheumatoid arthritis - a Mendelian randomization study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2021Article
- Risk Factors for Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis in Patients With Undifferentiated Arthritis and Inflammatory Arthralgia.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Menopausal factors and risk of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis in postmenopausal women: a nationwide cohort study of 1.36 million women.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Environment and Lifestyle: Their Influence on the Risk of RA.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Risk of breast cancer before and after rheumatoid arthritis, and the impact of hormonal factors.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2020Article
- Disease progression in relation to pre-onset parity among women with rheumatoid arthritis.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2020Article
- Uncovering the Complexity Mechanism of Different Formulas Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on a Novel Network Pharmacology Model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Mother-child histocompatibility and risk of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus among mothers.Genes and immunity · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo study the impact of parity history on the risk of antibodies to citrullinated peptide antigens (ACPA) positive and ACPA-negative rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in different age-groups.
methodData from a population-based case-control study of female incident RA cases were analysed (2035 cases and 2911 controls, aged 18-70 years ). Parity history was assessed through a questionnaire. Parous women were compared with nulliparous, by calculating odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI).
resultsParity was associated with an increased risk of ACPA-negative RA in women aged 18-44 years (OR=2.1, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.2), but not in those aged 45-70 years (OR=0.9, 95% CI 0.7 to 1.3). Among young women, an increased risk of ACPA-negative RA was found in those who gave birth during the year of symptom onset (OR=2.6, 95% CI 1.4 to 4.8) and who were at a young age at first birth (<23) (OR=2.5, 95% CI 1.5 to 4.1). Parity and the postpartum period were not associated with ACPA-positive RA, but older age at first birth was weakly associated with a decreased risk.
conclusionsThe increased risk of ACPA-negative RA in parous women of reproductive age seemed to be associated with an increased postpartum risk and with young age at first birth. Further research is needed to explore the biological mechanisms behind our findings.
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