ArticleAmerican journal of clinical and experimental immunology2013
Role of toll-like receptors in multiple sclerosis.
Article in American journal of clinical and experimental immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) following COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review.Revue neurologique · 2023Pooled it
- Up-to-date knowledge about the association between multiple sclerosis and the reactivation of human endogenous retrovirus infections.Journal of neurology · 2018Pooled it
- The Soluble Form of Toll-Like Receptor 2 Is Elevated in Serum of Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Novel Potential Disease Biomarker.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Protein kinases in neurodegenerative diseases: current understandings and implications for drug discovery.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Glial Cells as Key Regulators in Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms Associated with Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Associations Between Neuroinflammation-Related Conditions and Alzheimer's Disease: A Study of US Insurance Claims Data.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Article
- Hyperresponsiveness of Corticoid-Resistant Th17/Tc-17 Cells to TLR-2 and TLR-4 Ligands is a Feature of Multiple Sclerosis Patients at Higher Risk of Therapy Failure.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Intestinal Barrier Function and Neurodegenerative Disease.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- Impact of Microbiome-Brain Communication on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Emerging therapies to target CNS pathophysiology in multiple sclerosis.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2022Review
- Activation of the MAC1-ERK1/2-NOX2 Pathway Is Required for LPS-Induced Sustaining Reactive Microgliosis, Chronic Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Combination of Probiotics and Natural Compounds to Treat Multiple Sclerosis via Warburg Effect.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2022Review
- Botanically-Derived ΔMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Elevated proportion of TLR2- and TLR4-expressing Th17-like cells and activated memory B cells was associated with clinical activity of cerebral cavernous malformations.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Differential transcriptomic changes in the central nervous system and urinary bladders of mice infected with a coronavirus.PloS one · 2022Article
- Case Report: Exacerbation of Relapses Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Series.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- RNA Sequencing of CD4Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2021Article
- The Role of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) Mediated Inflammation in Pancreatic Cancer Pathophysiology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which Central Nervous System (CNS) lesions result from perivascular immune cell infiltration associated with damage to myelin, oligodendrocytes and neurons. CNS autoimmunity and its regulation are dominated by the inflammatory cytokines IL17 and IFNγ, and the opposing regulatory cytokines IL10 and the type I IFNs. Toll-like receptors (TLR) play a critical role in modulating cytokine and chemokine secretion in response to exogenous Pathogen Associated to Molecular Patterns and endogenous Danger-Associated to Molecular Patterns. Here, we systematically examine the evidence that TLR play a major role in the initiation disease, the triggering of relapses, and regulation of CNS damage. Data from human studies are supported analyses of a variety of animal models, including Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in TLR-deficient mice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
23885326PMC3714200W1739277321What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.