ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2013
Negative elongation factor (NELF) coordinates RNA polymerase II pausing, premature termination, and chromatin remodeling to regulate HIV transcription.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple Inhibitory Factors Act in the Late Phase of HIV-1 Replication: a Systematic Review of the Literature.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2018Pooled it
- A gene therapy approach to prevent dilated intercellular space, a hallmark of gastroesophageal reflux disease.Gene therapy · 2026Article
- Is the molecular microenvironment of the latent HIV reservoir predictable using deep learning approaches?Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Identification of human RNA Polymerase II interactors at early stages of transcription.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Identification of proteins in semen-derived extracellular vesicles that bind to Tat and NF-κB and that may impair HIV replication.Science signaling · 2025Article
- A targeted CRISPR screen identifies ETS1 as a regulator of HIV-1 latency.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The role of Tat in HIV latency and reactivation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Involvement of Human Cellular Proteins and Structures in Realization of the HIV Life Cycle: A Comprehensive Review, 2024.Viruses · 2024Review
- HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: A Look into Cellular and Molecular Pathology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Targeting Viral Transcription for HIV Cure Strategies.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Premature transcription termination complex proteins PCF11 and WDR82 silence HIV-1 expression in latently infected cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Review
- A functional map of HIV-host interactions in primary human T cells.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Host T Cell Dedifferentiation Effects Drive HIV-1 Latency Stability.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Viruses in the Nucleus.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2021Review
- Identification of PIM1 substrates reveals a role for NDRG1 phosphorylation in prostate cancer cellular migration and invasion.Communications biology · 2021Article
- Multifaceted Roles of ICP22/ORF63 Proteins in the Life Cycle of Human Herpesviruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Review
- PIWIL4 Maintains HIV-1 Latency by Enforcing Epigenetically Suppressive Modifications on the 5' Long Terminal Repeat.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Competition between PAF1 and MLL1/COMPASS confers the opposing function of LEDGF/p75 in HIV latency and proviral reactivation.Science advances · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A barrier to eradicating HIV infection is targeting and eliminating latently infected cells. Events that contribute to HIV transcriptional latency include repressive chromatin structure, transcriptional interference, the inability of Tat to recruit positive transcription factor b, and poor processivity of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II). In this study, we investigated mechanisms by which negative elongation factor (NELF) establishes and maintains HIV latency. Negative elongation factor (NELF) induces RNAP II promoter proximal pausing and limits provirus expression in HIV-infected primary CD4(+) T cells. Decreasing NELF expression overcomes RNAP II pausing to enhance HIV transcription elongation in infected primary T cells, demonstrating the importance of pausing in repressing HIV transcription. We also show that RNAP II pausing is coupled to premature transcription termination and chromatin remodeling. NELF interacts with Pcf11, a transcription termination factor, and diminishing Pcf11 in primary CD4(+) T cells induces HIV transcription elongation. In addition, we identify NCoR1-GPS2-HDAC3 as a NELF-interacting corepressor complex that is associated with repressed HIV long terminal repeats. We propose a model in which NELF recruits Pcf11 and NCoR1-GPS2-HDAC3 to paused RNAP II, reinforcing repression of HIV transcription and establishing a critical checkpoint for HIV transcription and latency.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.