ReviewDiabetes2013
Evidence for rapamycin toxicity in pancreatic β-cells and a review of the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Review in Diabetes, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rapamycin increases cerebral blood flow and modulates metabolic, inflammatory, and microbiome profiles in healthy middle-aged APOE4 carriers: A pilot single-arm trial.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Article
- Fludarabine disrupts the STAT1/AhR interaction to attenuate type 1 diabetes by inducing tolerogenic dendritic cells along with targeting effector T cells.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Chitosan-rapamycin carbon dots rejuvenate autologous Sca-1⁺ stem cells paracrine function for neuroprotection in normal tension glaucoma.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- A review of autophagy in the pancreas: normal physiology and pathophysiology.Autophagy reports · 2026Review
- Ligand-induced assembly of antibody variable fragments for the chemical regulation of biological processes.Cell chemical biology · 2025Article
- Unlocking Transplant Tolerance with Biomaterials.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Mitochondria-based holistic 3PM approach as the 'game-changer' for individualised rehabilitation-the proof-of-principle model by treated breast cancer survivors.The EPMA journal · 2024Article
- Targeting Autophagy: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Nephropathy.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Review
- Inhibition of mTOR prevents glucotoxicity-mediated increase of SA-beta-gal, p16Biogerontology · 2024Article
- Hyperactive mTORC1 disrupts habenula function and light preference in zebrafish model of Tuberous sclerosis complex.iScience · 2024Article
- Irreversible light-activated SpyLigation mediates split-protein assembly in 4D.Nature protocols · 2024Review
- Immunoprotection of cellular transplants for autoimmune type 1 diabetes through local drug delivery.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2024Review
- Diabetic Kidney Disease in Post-Kidney Transplant Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Integrated compact regulators of protein activity enable control of signaling pathways and genome-editing in vivo.Cell discovery · 2024Article
- A bioengineered artificial interstitium supports long-term islet xenograft survival in nonhuman primates without immunosuppression.Science advances · 2024Article
- Cutting edge of immune response and immunosuppressants in allogeneic and xenogeneic islet transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Status of islet transplantation and innovations to sustainable outcomes: novel sites, cell sources, and drug delivery strategies.Frontiers in transplantation · 2024Review
- Posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM): pharmacological aspects and genetic predispositions.Pharmacogenomics · 2024Review
- Human Beta Cell Functional Adaptation and Dysfunction in Insulin Resistance and Its Reversibility.Nephron · 2024Review
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rapamycin is used frequently in both transplantation and oncology. Although historically thought to have little diabetogenic effect, there is growing evidence of β-cell toxicity. This Review draws evidence for rapamycin toxicity from clinical studies of islet and renal transplantation, and of rapamycin as an anticancer agent, as well as from experimental studies. Together, these studies provide evidence that rapamycin has significant detrimental effects on β-cell function and survival and peripheral insulin resistance. The mechanism of action of rapamycin is via inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). This Review describes the complex mTOR signaling pathways, which control vital cellular functions including mRNA translation, cell proliferation, cell growth, differentiation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, and examines molecular mechanisms for rapamycin toxicity in β-cells. These mechanisms include reductions in β-cell size, mass, proliferation and insulin secretion alongside increases in apoptosis, autophagy, and peripheral insulin resistance. These data bring into question the use of rapamycin as an immunosuppressant in islet transplantation and as a second-line agent in other transplant recipients developing new-onset diabetes after transplantation with calcineurin inhibitors. It also highlights the importance of close monitoring of blood glucose levels in patients taking rapamycin as an anticancer treatment, particularly those with preexisting glucose intolerance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.