ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2013
Antimicrobial activity of high-mobility-group box 2: a new function to a well-known protein.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug repositioning for immunotherapy in breast cancer using single-cell analysis.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2024Pooled it
- Oil-Coated Nanoplastics Induce Rapid Membrane Disruption and Severe Intestinal Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- MetaNet: a scalable and integrated tool for reproducible omics network analysis.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- The transcription factor HMGB2 indirectly regulates APRIL expression and Gd-IgA1 production in patients with IgA nephropathy.Renal failure · 2024Article
- Article
- High Mobility Group Proteins in Sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The neutrotime transcriptional signature defines a single continuum of neutrophils across biological compartments.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cell transcriptomes reveal an over-representation of down-regulated genes associated with immunity in HIV-exposed uninfected infants.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Elevated hsa-miR-590-3p expression down-regulates HMGB2 expression and contributes to the severity of IgA nephropathy.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2019Article
- Cooperation Between the Inflammation and Coagulation Systems Promotes the Survival of Circulating Tumor Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2019Article
- 6-Gingerol Attenuates Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Cell Apoptosis in Human AC16 Cardiomyocytes through HMGB2-JNK1/2-NF-Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2019Article
- Bacterial Periplasmic Oxidoreductases Control the Activity of Oxidized Human Antimicrobial β-Defensin 1.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- HMGB1 in health and disease.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human intestinal tract is highly colonized by a vast number of microorganisms. Despite this permanent challenge, infections remain rare, due to a very effective barrier defense system. Essential effectors of this system are antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs), which are secreted by intestinal epithelial and lymphoid cells, balance the gut microbial community, and prevent the translocation of microorganisms. Several antimicrobial proteins have already been identified in the gut. Nonetheless, we hypothesized that additional AMPs are yet to be discovered in this setting. Using biological screening based on antimicrobial function, here we identified competent antibacterial activity of high-mobility-group box 2 (HMGB2) against Escherichia coli. By recombinant expression, we confirmed this biologically new antimicrobial activity against different commensal and pathogenic bacteria. In addition, we demonstrated that the two DNA-binding domains (HMG boxes A and B) are crucial for the antibiotic function. We detected HMGB2 in several gastrointestinal tissues by mRNA analysis and immunohistochemical staining. In addition to the nuclei, we also observed HMGB2 in the cytoplasm of intestinal epithelial cells. Furthermore, HMGB2 was detectable in vitro in the supernatants of two different cell types, supporting an extracellular function. HMGB2 expression was not changed in inflammatory bowel disease but was detected in certain stool samples of patients, whereas it was absent from control individuals. Taken together, we characterized HMGB2 as an antimicrobial protein in intestinal tissue, complementing the diverse repertoire of gut mucosal defense molecules.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.