ArticleNeuro-oncology2013
TGM2 inhibition attenuates ID1 expression in CD44-high glioma-initiating cells.
Article in Neuro-oncology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expression of CD44 and the survival in glioma: a meta-analysis.Bioscience reports · 2020Pooled it
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- CAF-derived LRRC15 orchestrates macrophage polarization and limits PD-1 immunotherapy efficacy in glioblastoma.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Phenotypic variations in glioma stem cells: regulatory mechanisms and implications for therapeutic strategies.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
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- RSL3 sensitizes glioma cells to ionizing radiation by suppressing TGM2-dependent DNA damage repair and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Redox biology · 2024Article
- Deletion of Tgm2 suppresses BMP-mediated hepatocyte-to-cholangiocyte metaplasia in ductular reaction.Cell proliferation · 2024Article
- Distinct conformational states enable transglutaminase 2 to promote cancer cell survival versus cell death.Communications biology · 2024Article
- CD57 defines a novel cancer stem cell that drive invasion of diffuse pediatric-type high grade gliomas.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- Biological Implications and Functional Significance of Transglutaminase Type 2 in Nervous System Tumors.Cells · 2024Review
- Transglutaminases are oncogenic biomarkers in human cancers and therapeutic targeting of TGM2 blocks chemoresistance and macrophage infiltration in pancreatic cancer.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Review
- Role of TGM2 in T‑cell lymphoblastic lymphoma via regulation of IL‑6/JAK/STAT3 signalling.Molecular medicine reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Differential expression of stem cell markers in proliferating cells in glioma.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2021Article
- The Biological and Biomechanical Role of Transglutaminase-2 in the Tumour Microenvironment.Cancers · 2021Review
- Extracellular matrix and its therapeutic potential for cancer treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Review
- LncRNA LINC00998 inhibits the malignant glioma phenotype via the CBX3-mediated c-Met/Akt/mTOR axis.Cell death & disease · 2020Article
- Targeting cancer stem cells in cholangiocarcinoma (Review).International journal of oncology · 2020Review
- High Expression of CD44 Predicts a Poor Prognosis in Glioblastomas.Cancer management and research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCD44 is a molecular marker associated with cancer stem cell populations and treatment resistance in glioma. More effective therapies will result from approaches aimed at targeting glioma cells high in CD44.
methodsGlioma-initiating cell lines were derived from fresh surgical glioblastoma samples. Expression of tissue transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) was attenuated through lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA knockdown. MTT assay [(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] was used to evaluate the growth inhibition induced by TGM2 inhibitor. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling was used to evaluate cell apoptosis following TGM2 inhibition. CD44(+) glioma stem cells were sorted by flow cytometry. A nude mice orthotopic xenograft model was used to evaluate the in vivo effect of TGM2 inhibitor.
resultsTGM2 was highly expressed in CD44-high glioblastoma tissues and tumor-derived glioma-initiating cell lines. TGM2 knockdown impaired cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in CD44-high glioma-initiating cell lines. Further studies indicated that expression of inhibitor of DNA binding 1 protein (ID1) is regulated by TGM2 and might be an important mediator for TGM2-regulated cell proliferation in CD44-high glioma-initiating cell lines. TGM2 inhibitor reduces ID1 expression, suppresses cell proliferation, and induces apoptosis in CD44-high glioma-initiating cell lines. Furthermore, TGM2 is highly expressed in CD44(+) glioma stem cells, while pharmacological inhibition of TGM2 activity preferentially eliminates CD44(+) glioma stem cells. Consistently, TGM2 inhibitor treatment reduced ID1 expression and induced apoptosis in our orthotopic mice xenograft model, which can be translated into prolonged median survival in tumor-bearing mice.
conclusionsTGM2 regulates ID1 expression in glioma-initiating cell lines high in CD44. Targeting TGM2 could be an effective strategy to treat gliomas with high CD44 expression.
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