ArticlePloS one2013
A serpin released by an entomopathogen impairs clot formation in insect defense system.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Entomopathogenic NematodeToxins · 2026Article
- Characterization of the full-length transcriptome of female Eucoleus annulatus and comparative transcriptomic analysis of its head, middle, and tail body sections.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Article
- Innate Immunity in Insects: The Lights and Shadows of Phenoloxidase System Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Entomopathogenic nematodes and their symbiotic bacteria: from genes to field uses.Frontiers in insect science · 2023Review
- A ShK-like Domain fromToxins · 2022Article
- ShK-Domain-Containing Protein from a Parasitic Nematode ModulatesPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Excreted secreted products from the parasitic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae manipulate the Drosophila melanogaster immune response.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Metabonomics reveals that entomopathogenic nematodes mediate tryptophan metabolites that kill host insects.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- A serpin (CvT-serpin15) of teratocytes contributes to microbial-resistance in Plutella xylostella during Cotesia vestalis parasitism.Pest management science · 2021Article
- A Comprehensive Phylogenetic Analysis of the Serpin Superfamily.Molecular biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Article
- Immune Response ofInsects · 2020Article
- Review
- The Two Faces of Nematode Infection: Virulence and Immunomodulatory Molecules From Nematode Parasites of Mammals, Insects and Plants.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Spodoptera frugiperda transcriptional response to infestation by Steinernema carpocapsae.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- A core set of venom proteins is released by entomopathogenic nematodes in the genus Steinernema.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- Article
- Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Steinernema carpocapsae is an entomopathogenic nematode widely used for the control of insect pests due to its virulence, which is mainly attributed to the ability the parasitic stage has to overcome insect defences. To identify the mechanisms underlying such a characteristic, we studied a novel serpin-like inhibitor (sc-srp-6) that was detected in a transcriptome analysis. Recombinant Sc-SRP-6 produced in Escherichia coli had a native fold of serpins belonging to the α-1-peptidase family and exhibited inhibitory activity against trypsin and α-chymotrypsin with Ki of 0.42 × 10(-7) M and 1.22 × 10(-7) M, respectively. Functional analysis revealed that Sc-SRP-6 inhibits insect digestive enzymes, thus preventing the hydrolysis of ingested particles. Moreover, Sc-SRP-6 impaired the formation of hard clots at the injury site, a major insect defence mechanism against invasive pathogens. Sc-SRP-6 does not prevent the formation of clot fibres and the activation of prophenoloxidases but impairs the incorporation of the melanin into the clot. Binding assays showed a complex formation between Sc-SRP-6 and three proteins in the hemolymph of lepidopteran required for clotting, apolipophorin, hexamerin and trypsin-like, although the catalytic inhibition occurred exclusively in trypsin-like. This data allowed the conclusion that Sc-SRP-6 promotes nematode virulence by inhibiting insect gut juices and by impairing immune clot reaction.
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