ArticlePloS one2013
Immunological profile of silent brain infarction and lacunar stroke.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increased interleukin-18 level contributes to the development and severity of ischemic stroke.Aging · 2019Pooled it
- Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2026Article
- Emerging biomarkers and frontier therapies: unveiling the role of endothelial dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Aspirin modulates inflammatory biomarkers in patients with subcortical silent brain infarcts.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Association between fatigue and cytokine profiles in patients with ischemic stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- TRAIL and Cardiovascular Disease-A Risk Factor or Risk Marker: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Identification of novel blood biomarker panels to detect ischemic stroke in patients and their responsiveness to therapeutic intervention.Brain research · 2018Article
- Increase in Blood Levels of Growth Factors Involved in the Neuroplasticity Process by Using an Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field in Post-stroke Patients.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2018Article
- Longitudinal Study on Low-Dose Aspirin versus Placebo Administration in Silent Brain Infarcts: The Silence Study.Stroke research and treatment · 2018Article
- Clinical perspectives of TRAIL: insights into central nervous system disorders.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2016Review
- Persistent activation of microglia and NADPH oxidase [corrected] drive hippocampal dysfunction in experimental multiple sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Blood and CSF biomarkers in brain subcortical ischemic vascular disease: Involved pathways and clinical applicability.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2016Review
- Paradoxical Elevation of High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Association with Lacunar-Type Cerebral Infarction.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2015Article
- Stroke subtypes and factors associated with ischemic stroke in Kinshasa, Central Africa.African health sciences · 2015Article
- Exploratory study on Th1 epitope-induced protective immunity against Coxiella burnetii infection.PloS one · 2014Article
- Leukocyte infiltration in experimental stroke.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2013Review
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is believed to be involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of silent brain infarcts (SBI). However, the immunological profile of SBI has been scarcely investigated. In the context of a national research project named SILENCE, aimed at investigating clinical, biochemical and pathogenic features of SBI, we have measured the plasma profile of some inflammatory-related molecules in SBI patients (n = 21), patients with recent lacunar infarcts (LI, n = 28) and healthy controls (n = 31), consecutively enrolled in four Italian centres. A panel of chemokines (MIG, CTACK, IL16, SDF1a, MCP1), growth factors (SCF, SCGFb, HGF, IL3), immunoglobulin-type adhesion molecules (ICAM1, VCAM1), proinflammatory cytokines (IL18, INFa2, MIF, IL12p40), cell surface receptors on T-cells (IL2Ra), and inductors of apoptosis (TRAIL) was assessed in plasma samples by Luminex xMAP™ technology. Immunological parameters were compared using non-parametric statistics and performance to distinguish SBI and LI was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Plasma levels of ICAM1 were significantly higher in both SBI and LI patients as compared to controls (SBI≥LI>Ctrl). A different trend was observed for IL16 (SBI<LI>Ctrl), SCF (LI<SBI>Ctrl) and SCGFb (SBI>LI<Ctrl). SBI subjects had significantly increased levels of MIG when compared to controls (LI≤SBI>Ctrl) and IL18 when compared to LI patients (Ctrl≤SBI>LI). All the other immunological markers did not significantly differ among groups. According to ROC analysis, the best predictor for SBI condition was the chemokine MIG (AUC = 0.84, sensitivity 86%, specificity 77%), while SCF had the best performance in distinguishing LI patients (AUC = 0.84, sensitivity 86%, specificity 68%). These results confirm the involvement of inflammatory processes in cerebrovascular disorders, particularly in SBI, a very common age-related condition. The differences in plasma profile of inflammatory molecules may underlie different pathological mechanisms in SBI and LI patients.
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