Trial reportJournal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research2014
Relationship of weight, height, and body mass index with fracture risk at different sites in postmenopausal women: the Global Longitudinal study of Osteoporosis in Women (GLOW).
Trial report in Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 133 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
133 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 264 citations in OpenAlex.
- Body mass index and subsequent fracture risk: a meta-analysis to update FRAX.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2025Pooled it
- Assessment of the genetic and clinical determinants of fracture risk: genome wide association and mendelian randomisation study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2018Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of the association between body mass index and risk of vertebral fracture.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2018Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Differential associations of subcutaneous and visceral fat with bone turnover markers: A study on bariatric surgery patients with severe obesity and individuals without obesity.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Trial
- Genetically determined vitamin D levels and change in bone density during a weight-loss diet intervention: the Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies (POUNDS Lost) Trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Increase in Fracture Risk Following Unintentional Weight Loss in Postmenopausal Women: The Global Longitudinal Study of Osteoporosis in Women.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2016Trial
- Relationship of Height to Site-Specific Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2016Trial
- Vertebral Strength and Estimated Fracture Risk Across the BMI Spectrum in Women.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2016Trial
- Pleiotropic effects of obesity on fracture risk: the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2014Trial
- Percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: medium- and long-term evaluation of clinical outcomes and affecting factors.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Underweight in Young Adult Women as a Dynamic Nutritional State: Evidence from Four Complementary Longitudinal Methods.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Impact of bone mineral density testing in the national health screening program on osteoporosis-related medical visits and fractures among women.Archives of osteoporosis · 2026Article
- Subsequent vertebral fracture after percutaneous vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty in postmenopausal women with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Positive association between standing height and bone mineral density in adolescents aged 12-19: NHANES 2011-2018 : Author.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Global trends in burden of fractures, low bone mineral density, and high body mass index from 1990 to 2021, an age-period-cohort analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Article
- Association between obesity and the prevalence of fractures: a population-based cross-sectional study in China.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Article
- Sex-specific associations of fat and lean indices with vertebral fractures.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The role of body composition and visceral fat in osteoporosis subtype differentiation: Insights from bioelectrical impedance analysis.Journal of orthopaedics · 2025Article
73 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 20 institutions in 11 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Low body mass index (BMI) is a well-established risk factor for fracture in postmenopausal women. Height and obesity have also been associated with increased fracture risk at some sites. We investigated the relationships of weight, BMI, and height with incident clinical fracture in a practice-based cohort of postmenopausal women participating in the Global Longitudinal study of Osteoporosis in Women (GLOW). Data were collected at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 years. For hip, spine, wrist, pelvis, rib, upper arm/shoulder, clavicle, ankle, lower leg, and upper leg fractures, we modeled the time to incident self-reported fracture over a 3-year period using the Cox proportional hazards model and fitted the best linear or nonlinear models containing height, weight, and BMI. Of 52,939 women, 3628 (6.9%) reported an incident clinical fracture during the 3-year follow-up period. Linear BMI showed a significant inverse association with hip, clinical spine, and wrist fractures: adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) per increase of 5 kg/m(2) were 0.80 (0.71-0.90), 0.83 (0.76-0.92), and 0.88 (0.83-0.94), respectively (all p < 0.001). For ankle fractures, linear weight showed a significant positive association: adjusted HR per 5-kg increase 1.05 (1.02-1.07) (p < 0.001). For upper arm/shoulder and clavicle fractures, only linear height was significantly associated: adjusted HRs per 10-cm increase were 0.85 (0.75-0.97) (p = 0.02) and 0.73 (0.57-0.92) (p = 0.009), respectively. For pelvic and rib fractures, the best models were for nonlinear BMI or weight (p = 0.05 and 0.03, respectively), with inverse associations at low BMI/body weight and positive associations at high values. These data demonstrate that the relationships between fracture and weight, BMI, and height are site-specific. The different associations may be mediated, at least in part, by effects on bone mineral density, bone structure and geometry, and patterns of falling.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.