ArticleJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2013
Estrogen replacement and skeletal muscle: mechanisms and population health.
Article in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04458662 (Iron and Muscular Damage), which is not on this map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Iron and Muscular Damage: FEmale Metabolism and Menstrual Cycle During Exercise
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed.
- Butyrate improves handgrip strength and physical performance by reducing intestinal leak in post-menopausal women, a randomized controlled trial.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Body composition and bone mineral density after ovarian hormone suppression with or without estradiol treatment.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2015Trial
- Sex hormones and menopause hormone therapy predict muscle strength across the lifespan.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2026Article
- Sex Hormones & Exercise in the Musculoskeletal System: From Signaling to Structure and Function.Endocrine reviews · 2026Article
- Changes in Sarcopenia and Incident Depression in Prospective Cohorts.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Exploring the relationship between reproductive aging, arterial stiffness, and cardiorespiratory fitness in women after menopause.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Estrogen in skeletal muscle: metabolism, mechanisms, and exercise-induced changes.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Hormone replacement therapy and muscle loss: repeated measures analysis from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging using DXA.Skeletal radiology · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota Has the Potential to Improve Sarcopenic Obesity in Menopausal Women by Regulating Estrogen.International journal of women's health · 2026Review
- Sex differences in cachexia outcomes and branched-chain amino acid metabolism following chemotherapy in aged mice.PloS one · 2026Article
- Role of exercise in cardiovascular health: a narrative review from prevention to therapeutic utilizations.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- High-Calorie Diet During Pregnancy Leads to Muscular Fibrosis and Neuromuscular Damage in Offspring Mice.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Article
- Abnormalities in the genioglossus muscle and its neuromuscular synapse in leptin-deficient male mice.Skeletal muscle · 2025Article
- Prognostic value of body composition measures in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Hormonal Influences on Skeletal Muscle Function in Women across Life Stages: A Systematic Review.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Impact of the Physical Activity Level on Sarcopenic Obesity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Passive exercise is an effective alternative to HRT for restoring OVX induced mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Biological sex divergence in transcriptomic profiles during the onset of hindlimb unloading-induced atrophy.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2023Article
- Verification of a Three-day Hospitalization Protocol for Chronic Subdural Hematoma Surgery.Neurologia medico-chirurgica · 2023Article
- The Participation of Trans Women in Competitive Fencing and Implications on Fairness: A Physiological Perspective Narrative Review.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
There is a growing body of information supporting the beneficial effects of estrogen and estrogen-based hormone therapy (HT) on maintenance and enhancement of muscle mass, strength, and connective tissue. These effects are also evident in enhanced recovery from muscle atrophy or damage and have significant implications particularly for the muscular health of postmenopausal women. Evidence suggests that HT will also help maintain or increase muscle mass, improve postatrophy muscle recovery, and enhance muscle strength in aged females. This is important because this population, in particular, is at risk for a rapid onset of frailty. The potential benefits of estrogen and HT relative to skeletal muscle function and composition combined with other health-related enhancements associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events, overall mortality, and metabolic dysfunction, as well as enhanced cognition and bone health cumulate in a strong argument for more widespread and prolonged consideration of HT if started proximal to menopausal onset in most women. Earlier reports of increased health risks with HT use in postmenopausal women has led to a decline in HT use. However, recent reevaluation regarding the health effects of HT indicates a general lack of risks and a number of significant health benefits of HT use when initiated at the onset of menopause. Although further research is still needed to fully delineate its mechanisms of action, the general use of HT by postmenopausal women, to enhance muscle mass and strength, as well as overall health, with initiation soon after the onset of menopause should be considered.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.