Trial reportPrevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research2014
Psychosocial functioning and depressive symptoms among HIV-positive persons receiving care and treatment in Kenya, Namibia, and Tanzania.
Trial report in Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of sex differences in the relationship between hormones and depression in HIV.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- What constitutes a palliative care need in people with serious illnesses across Africa? A mixed-methods systematic review of the concept and evidence.Palliative medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use disorder among people living with HIV/AIDS in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2020Pooled it
- Burden of Depression in Outpatient HIV-Infected adults in Sub-Saharan Africa; Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2020Pooled it
- Prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms among people living with HIV/AIDS in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2018Pooled it
- Behavioral Interventions Targeting Alcohol Use Among People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2017Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Booklet Self-Help Intervention for People Living with HIV and Depressive Symptoms in Botswana: A Randomized Controlled Trial.AIDS and behavior · 2025Trial
- Antenatal depression and adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women living with HIV in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Journal of affective disorders · 2023Trial
- Longitudinal Analysis of Depressive Symptoms, Perceived Social Support, and Alcohol Use among HIV-Infected Men Who Inject Drugs in Northern Vietnam.Substance use & misuse · 2020Trial
- Factors Associated With Stigma and Depression Among People Living With HIV and Food Insecurity in the Dominican Republic.Community health equity research & policy · 2026Article
- A psychometric assessment of the factor structure and reliability of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) questionnaire in four African nations.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Factors associated with self-reported diagnosis of depression in Kenya: insights from 2022 Demographic and Health Survey.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Pathogenesis of HIV-associated depression: contributing factors and underlying mechanisms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Prevalence and predictors of depressive symptoms among people living with HIV in Pakistan; country-wide secondary data analysis from National Stigma Index Study.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Prevalence, severity, and associated factors of depression in newly diagnosed people living with HIV in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Prevalence of depression, anxiety and burnout in medical students at the University of Namibia.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2023Review
- Is self-reported depression, HIV status, COVID-19 health risk profile and SARS-CoV-2 exposure associated with difficulty in adhering to COVID-19 prevention measures among residents in West Africa?BMC public health · 2022Article
- A Bayesian nonparametric approach for inferring drug combination effects on mental health in people with HIV.Biometrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of depressive symptoms among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is considerably greater than that among members of the general population. It is particularly important to treat depressive symptoms among PLHIV because they have been associated with poorer HIV care-related outcomes. This study describes overall psychosocial functioning and factors associated with depressive symptoms among PLHIV attending HIV care and treatment clinics in Kenya, Namibia, and Tanzania. Eighteen HIV care and treatment clinics (six per country) enrolled approximately 200 HIV-positive patients (for a total of 3,538 participants) and collected data on patients' physical and mental well-being, medical/health status, and psychosocial functioning. Although the majority of participants did not report clinically significant depressive symptoms (72 %), 28 % reported mild to severe depressive symptoms, with 12 % reporting severe depressive symptoms. Regression models indicated that greater levels of depressive symptoms were associated with: (1) being female, (2) younger age, (3) not being completely adherent to HIV medications, (4) likely dependence on alcohol, (5) disclosure to three or more people (versus one person), (6) experiences of recent violence, (7) less social support, and (8) poorer physical functioning. Participants from Kenya and Namibia reported greater depressive symptoms than those from Tanzania. Approximately 28 % of PLHIV reported clinically significant depressive symptoms. The scale-up of care and treatment services in sub-Saharan Africa provides an opportunity to address psychosocial and mental health needs for PLHIV as part of comprehensive care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.