Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23868259›Full record

ArticleNature2013

Myomaker is a membrane activator of myoblast fusion and muscle formation.

Douglas P Millay, Jason R O'Rourke, Lillian B Sutherland, Svetlana Bezprozvannaya, John M Shelton, Rhonda Bassel-Duby, Eric N Olson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 359 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
359citing papers in PubMed
10.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

359 citing papers in PubMed, 564 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Review
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  9. Progress on cell therapy for skeletal muscle disorders.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Multimodality Craniofacial Phenotyping of Congenital Facial Weakness Disorders.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Computational design of membrane fusion proteins.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Myomaker and Myomixer are required for craniofacial myoblast fusion in zebrafish.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

299 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Douglas P MillayDepartment of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
Jason R O'Rourke
Lillian B Sutherland
Svetlana Bezprozvannaya
John M Shelton
Rhonda Bassel-Duby
Eric N Olson
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center · US

Funding

Microenvironmental control of progenitors in organ dysfunction and repairU01HL100401 · NHLBI · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI OLSON, ERIC N, SCHNEIDER, JAY W · 2009 to 2015
$8.3M
Heart Repair through Reprogramming of Cardiac Cell FateR01HL077439 · NHLBI · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI OLSON, ERIC N · 2004 to 2015
$6.2M
MicroRNA Control of Cardiac Gene Expression, Function and DiseaseR01HL093039 · NHLBI · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI OLSON, ERIC N · 2009 to 2013
$2.8M
Deciphering a Regulatory Circuit for Myocardial Metabolism and Energy HomeostasisR01HL111665 · NHLBI · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI OLSON, ERIC N · 2012 to 2015
$2.4M
Role of microRNA-206 in skeletal muscle regenerationF32AR059484 · NIAMS · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI MILLAY, DOUGLAS PAUL · 2010 to 2012
$159k
NHLBI NIH HHS HL-077439NHLBI NIH HHS HL093039NHLBI NIH HHS HL-111665NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL077439NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL093039NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL111665NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL100401NHLBI NIH HHS U01-HL-100401NIAMS NIH HHS F32 AR059484NIAMS NIH HHS F32AR05948403
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fusion of myoblasts is essential for the formation of multi-nucleated muscle fibres. However, the identity of muscle-specific proteins that directly govern this fusion process in mammals has remained elusive. Here we identify a muscle-specific membrane protein, named myomaker, that controls myoblast fusion. Myomaker is expressed on the cell surface of myoblasts during fusion and is downregulated thereafter. Overexpression of myomaker in myoblasts markedly enhances fusion, and genetic disruption of myomaker in mice causes perinatal death due to an absence of multi-nucleated muscle fibres. Remarkably, forced expression of myomaker in fibroblasts promotes fusion with myoblasts, demonstrating the direct participation of this protein in the fusion process. Pharmacological perturbation of the actin cytoskeleton abolishes the activity of myomaker, consistent with previous studies implicating actin dynamics in myoblast fusion. These findings reveal a long-sought myogenic fusion protein that controls mammalian myoblast fusion and provide new insights into the molecular underpinnings of muscle formation.

Indexed as

Muscle DevelopmentAnimalsCell FusionCell LineMembrane ProteinsMiceMice, KnockoutMuscle ProteinsMuscle, SkeletalMyoblastsMembrane ProteinsMuscle Proteins

Identifiers

PMID23868259
PMCPMC3739301
OpenAlexW2009100350

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.