ArticleEpidemiology and infection2014
Diphtheria outbreak with high mortality in northeastern Nigeria.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Waning rate of immunity and duration of protective immunity against diphtheria toxoid as a function of age and number of doses: Systematic review and quantitative data analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects of Diphtheria: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Pooled it
- Diphtheria Vaccination Coverage and Correlation With Multidimensional Poverty Among Children in Nigeria.Public health challenges · 2026Article
- The menace and outcome of severe acute malnutrition and diphtheria cases among paediatric under-five in-patients at Nguru North - east Nigeria.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Spatial distribution of diphtheria cases during the 2022/2023 outbreak in Kano State, Northern Nigeria.PloS one · 2026Article
- Factors associated with outbreak of diphtheria in Kafanchan, Kaduna State, Nigeria: July-October 2023.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Article
- Re-emergence of Diphtheria in Guinea: An Outbreak Analysis of Vaccination and Disease Control Perspectives.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A population-level analysis of armed conflict and diphtheria at the subnational level in the WHO African Region 2017-2024.BMC global and public health · 2025Article
- Toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae Infections in Low-Risk Patients, Switzerland, 2023.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The Re-emergence of Diphtheria Amidst Multiple Outbreaks in Nigeria.Infectious disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- Unmasking diphtheria in Nigeria: A multifaceted approach to tackle outbreaks and improve immunization rates among the Nigerian population-An updated correspondence.Health science reports · 2024Article
- The re-emergence of diphtheria in Nigeria: Descriptive assessment of the post-COVID-19 crisis management.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Recurrent diphtheria outbreaks in Nigeria: A review of the underlying factors and remedies.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Review
- Estimating vaccine coverage in conflict settings using geospatial methods: a case study in Borno state, Nigeria.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Tetanus and Diphtheria Seroprotection among Children Younger Than 15 Years in Nigeria, 2018: Who Are the Unprotected Children?Vaccines · 2023Article
- "Nigeria on alert: Diphtheria outbreaks require urgent action" - A critical look at the current situation and potential solutions.New microbes and new infections · 2023Article
- A looming epidemic: combating the recurrent outbreaks of diphtheria in Nigeria.The Pan African medical journal · 2023Article
- Diphtheria resurgence in Sada'a-Yemen, 2017-2020.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Diphtheria serology in adults in Central Java and East Java, Indonesia: the importance of continuous diphtheria vaccination.African health sciences · 2021Article
- Epidemiology of Diphtheria in Yemen, 2017-2018: Surveillance Data Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
SUMMARY A diphtheria outbreak occurred from February to November 2011 in the village of Kimba and its surrounding settlements, in Borno State, northeastern Nigeria. We conducted a retrospective outbreak investigation in Kimba village and the surrounding settlements to better describe the extent and clinical characteristics of this outbreak. Ninety-eight cases met the criteria of the case definition of diphtheria, 63 (64.3%) of whom were children aged <10 years; 98% of cases had never been immunized against diphtheria. None of the 98 cases received diphtheria antitoxin, penicillin, or erythromycin during their illness. The overall case-fatality ratio was 21.4%, and was highest in children aged 0-4 years (42.9%). Low rates of immunization, delayed clinical recognition of diphtheria and absence of treatment with antitoxin and appropriate antibiotics contributed to this epidemic and its severity.
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