Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23866770›Full record

ReviewHuman resources for health2013

Absenteeism amongst health workers--developing a typology to support empiric work in low-income countries and characterizing reported associations.

Alice Belita, Patrick Mbindyo, Mike English

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Human resources for health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Absenteeism of Healthcare Workers in Primary Healthcare in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review.The International journal of health planning and management · 2025
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  5. Absenteeism Among Healthcare Workers: Job Grade and Other Factors That Matter in Sickness Absence.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Alice BelitaKenya Medical Research Institute -Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kenyatta National Hospital, Hospital Road, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. belitaus@yahoo.com
Patrick Mbindyo
Mike English

Funding

Wellcome Trust 077092/B/05/FWellcome Trust 084538/Z/07/AWellcome Trust 092654Wellcome Trust 097170/Z/11/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The contribution of inadequate health worker numbers and emigration have been highlighted in the international literature, but relatively little attention has been paid to absenteeism as a factor that undermines health-care delivery in low income countries. We therefore aimed to review the literature on absenteeism from a health system manager's perspective to inform needed work on this topic. Specifically, we aimed to develop a typology of definitions that might be useful to classify different forms of absenteeism and identify factors associated with absenteeism. Sixty-nine studies were reviewed, only four were from sub-Saharan Africa where the human resources for health crisis is most acute. Forms of absenteeism studied and methods used vary widely. No previous attempt to develop an overarching approach to classifying forms of absenteeism was identified. A typology based on key characteristics is proposed to fill this gap and considers absenteeism as defined by two key attributes, whether it is: planned/unplanned, and voluntary/involuntary. Factors reported to influence rates of absenteeism may be broadly classified into three thematic categories: workplace and content, personal and organizational and cultural factors. The literature presents an inconsistent picture of the effects of specific factors within these themes perhaps related to true contextual differences or inconsistent definitions of absenteeism.

Indexed as

AbsenteeismAfrica South of the SaharaAge FactorsDeveloping CountriesGeographyHealth Facility EnvironmentHealth StatusHealth WorkforceHumansMarital StatusOrganizational InnovationPovertySex FactorsSick LeaveWorkload

Identifiers

PMID23866770
PMCPMC3721994

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.