ArticleLipids in health and disease2013
Saturated fatty acid palmitate-induced insulin resistance is accompanied with myotube loss and the impaired expression of health benefit myokine genes in C2C12 myotubes.
Article in Lipids in health and disease, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Myonectin and metabolic health: a systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of mild hypoxia exposure on myokine secretion in human obesity.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2023Trial
- In Vitro Modeling of Sarcopenia-Related Pathology and Exercise-Associated Adaptations: Integration with In Silico Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Elevated maternal non-esterified fatty acid concentrations during late gestation are associated with altered skeletal muscle development and mitochondrial dynamics related-markers in calves.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Dual antidiabetic potential of arjunglucoside I and arjunetin fromAnimal cells and systems · 2026Article
- Narrative review of metabolic syndrome and its relationships with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gonadal dysfunction and obstructive sleep apnea.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- The dose-effect response of combined red and infrared photobiomodulation on insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024Article
- Myokines Produced by Cultured Bovine Satellite Cells Harvested from 3- and 11-Month-Old Angus Steers.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Article
- Role ofJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Article
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Fascinating Perspective on the Regulation of Muscle Metabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The Muscle-Conditioned Medium Containing Protocatechuic Acid Improves Insulin Resistance by Modulating Muscle Communication with Liver and Adipose Tissue.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- IPMK modulates FFA-induced insulin resistance in primary mouse hepatocytes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- α-Linolenic Acid Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro and Prevents Inflammation In Vivo.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- Review
- The Importance of CXCL1 in Physiology and Noncancerous Diseases of Bone, Bone Marrow, Muscle and the Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Hepatocyte Proteome Alterations Induced by Individual and Combinations of Common Free Fatty Acids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundExcessive circular fatty acid, particlarly saturated fatty acid, can result in insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, but other adverse effects of fatty acid accumulation in myocytes remain unclear.
methodsDifferentiated C2C12 myotubes were used. The effects of palmitate on cell viability, glucose uptake, gene expression and myotube loss were evaluated by MTT assay, 2NBDG uptake, qRT-PCR, Western Blot and crystal staining-based myotube counting, respectively. In some expreiments, oleate was administrated, or the inhibitors of signaling pathways were applied.
resultsPalmitate-induced cellular insulin resistance was clarified by the reduced Akt phosphorylation, glucose uptake and Glut4 expression. Palmitate-caused myotube loss was clearly observed under microscope and proved by myotube counting and expression analysis of myotube marker genes. Moreover, palmitate-induced transcriptional suppression of three health benefit myokine genes (FNDC5, CTRP15 and FGF21) was found, and the different involvement of p38 and PI3K in the transcription of these genes was noticed.
conclusionsPalmitate-induced insulin resistance accompanys myotube loss and the impaired expression of FNDC5, CTRP15 and FGF21genes in C2C12 myotubes. These results provide novel evidence indicating the negative role of high concentration of palmitate in myotubes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.