Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23866176›Full record

SynthesisPsychological medicine2014

The methods and outcomes of cultural adaptations of psychological treatments for depressive disorders: a systematic review.

N Chowdhary, A T Jotheeswaran, A Nadkarni, S D Hollon, M King, M J D Jordans, A Rahman, H Verdeli, R Araya, V Patel

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Psychological medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07235852 (Pilot Testing Into the Feasibility of the Developed Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention), which is not on this map. Cited by 136 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
136citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07235852 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Pilot Testing Into the Feasibility of the Developed Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention

TypeinterventionalSponsorKhyber Medical University PeshawarRan2025 to 2026Enrolled50ConditionsHIV Infections, Depression, Anxiety DisordersArmsCulturally Adapted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Ca-CBT), Treatment as Usual (TAU)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

136 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

N ChowdharyCentre for Global Mental Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK, and Sangath, India.
A T JotheeswaranInstitute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, UK, Public Health Foundation of India, and Sangath, India.
A NadkarniLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
S D HollonVanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
M KingFaculty of Brain Sciences, University College London Medical School, UK.
M J D JordansLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
A RahmanUniversity of Liverpool, UK.
H VerdeliTeachers College, Columbia University and Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, NY, USA.
R ArayaUniversity of Bristol, UK.
V PatelCentre for Global Mental Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK, and Sangath, India.

Funding

Wellcome Trust 091834
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCultural adaptations of evidence-based psychological treatments (PTs) are important to enhance their universal applicability. The aim of this study was to review systematically the literature on adaptations of PTs for depressive disorders for ethnic minorities in Western countries and for any population in non-Western countries to describe the process, extent and nature of the adaptations and the effectiveness of the adapted treatments.

methodControlled trials were identified using database searches, key informants, previous reviews and reference lists. Data on the process and details of the adaptations were analyzed using qualitative methods and meta-analysis was used to assess treatment effectiveness.

resultsTwenty studies were included in this review, of which 16 were included in the meta-analysis. The process of adaptation was reported in two-thirds of the studies. Most adaptations were found in the dimensions of language, context and therapist delivering the treatment. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant benefit in favor of the adapted treatment [standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.94 to -0.49].

conclusionsCultural adaptations of PTs follow a systematic procedure and lead primarily to adaptations in the implementation of the treatments rather than their content. Such PTs are effective in the treatment of depressive disorders in populations other than those for whom they were originally developed.

Indexed as

Culturally Competent CareDepressive DisorderHumansMinority GroupsPsychotherapy

Identifiers

PMID23866176
PMCPMC3943384

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.