Trial reportAmerican journal of public health2013
The mortality toll of estrogen avoidance: an analysis of excess deaths among hysterectomized women aged 50 to 59 years.
Trial report in American journal of public health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hierarchies of evidence applied to lifestyle Medicine (HEALM): introduction of a strength-of-evidence approach based on a methodological systematic review.BMC medical research methodology · 2019Pooled it
- Effect of prior oophorectomy on changes in bone mineral density and carotid artery intima-media thickness in postmenopausal women.Fertility and sterility · 2014Trial
- Report of the FDA's expert panel on hormone therapy.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- Association between prescription drugs and all-cause mortality risk in the UK population.Aging cell · 2024Article
- Hormone replacement therapy perspectives.Frontiers in global women's health · 2024Article
- A Personal Prospective on Testosterone Therapy in Women-What We Know in 2022.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Caloric restriction-mimetics for the reduction of heart failure risk in aging heart: with consideration of gender-related differences.Military Medical Research · 2022Review
- Long term impact of the WHI studies on information-seeking and decision-making in menopause symptoms management: a longitudinal analysis of questions to a medicines call centre.BMC women's health · 2021Article
- Society Position Statements on Bio-Identical Hormones-Misinformation Leads to a Dilemma in Women's Health.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Facing Provider Misconceptions Towards the Use of Hormone Therapy in 2020.Journal of general internal medicine · 2021Article
- Menopausal hormone therapy and breast cancer: what is the evidence from randomized trials?Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2018Review
- In vivo transplantation of 3D encapsulated ovarian constructs in rats corrects abnormalities of ovarian failure.Nature communications · 2017Article
- A theory of eu-estrogenemia: a unifying concept.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2017Review
- Hormone replacement therapy in young women with surgical primary ovarian insufficiency.Fertility and sterility · 2016Review
- Menopausal Hormone Therapy, Age, and Chronic Diseases: Perspectives on Statistical Trends.Chemical research in toxicology · 2016Review
- The VCD Mouse Model of Menopause and Perimenopause for the Study of Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Disease and the Metabolic Syndrome.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2016Review
- Management of Menopausal Symptoms.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Review
- Estrogen and Cardiovascular Disease: Is Timing Everything?The American journal of the medical sciences · 2015Review
- From empirical to mechanism-based discovery of clinically useful Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs).Steroids · 2014Article
- Prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesWe examined the effect of estrogen avoidance on mortality rates among hysterectomized women aged 50 to 59 years.
methodsWe derived a formula to relate the excess mortality among hysterectomized women aged 50 to 59 years assigned to placebo in the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial to the entire population of comparable women in the United States, incorporating the decline in estrogen use observed between 2002 and 2011.
resultsOver a 10-year span, starting in 2002, a minimum of 18 601 and as many as 91 610 postmenopausal women died prematurely because of the avoidance of estrogen therapy (ET).
conclusionsET in younger postmenopausal women is associated with a decisive reduction in all-cause mortality, but estrogen use in this population is low and continuing to fall. Our data indicate an associated annual mortality toll in the thousands of women aged 50 to 59 years. Informed discussion between these women and their health care providers about the effects of ET is a matter of considerable urgency.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.