ArticlePloS one2013
Functional divergence in shrimp anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs): from recognition of cell wall components to antimicrobial activity.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mass Spectrometry-Based Peptidomics for the Discovery and Profiling of Endogenous Peptides in Crustacean Hemolymph.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Biofloc system with synbiotic supplementation improves Penaeus vannamei immunity against AHPND.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Aquatic Invertebrate Antimicrobial Peptides in the Fight Against Aquaculture Pathogens.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Hemolymph microbiota and immune effectors' expressions driven by geographical rearing acclimation of the aquacultured Penaeus stylirostris.Animal microbiome · 2025Article
- Chitin-glucan improves important pathophysiological features of irritable bowel syndrome.World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Host Defense Proteins and Peptides with Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Activity from Marine Invertebrates and Their Therapeutic Potential in Gram-Negative Sepsis.Marine drugs · 2023Review
- Secretory Expression and Application of Antilipopolysaccharide Factor 3 inBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Insights into the Binding Mode of Lipid A to the Anti-lipopolysaccharide Factor ALFPm3 fromJournal of chemical information and modeling · 2023Article
- A novel anti-lipopolysaccharide factor from blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus and its cytotoxic effect on the prokaryotic expression host, E. coli on heterologous expression.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Spectrum of Activity and Mechanism of Action of Linear Alpha-Helical Peptides Inspired by Shrimp Anti-Lipopolysaccharide Factors.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- The Antioxidant Effect of Natural Antimicrobials in Shrimp Primary Intestinal Cells Infected withAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Anti-lipopolysaccharide factor D from kuruma shrimp exhibits antiviral activity.Marine life science & technology · 2022Article
- Shoc2 recognizes bacterial flagellin and mediates antibacterial Erk/Stat signaling in an invertebrate.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Molecular and Functional Characterization of an Anti-lipopolysaccharide Factor Mm-ALF from Speckled Shrimp Metapenaeus monoceros.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2021Article
- Article
- A Lymphoid Organ Specific Anti-Lipopolysaccharide Factor fromMarine drugs · 2021Article
- Hepatopancreas-Specific Lectin Participates in the Antibacterial Immune Response by Regulating the Expression of Antibacterial Proteins.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Identification of Multigene Biomarker for Shrimp White Feces Syndrome by Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- Characterization of a Lymphoid Organ Specific Anti-lipopolysaccharide Factor From Shrimp Reveals Structure-Activity Relationship of the LPS-Binding Domain.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antilipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) have been described as highly cationic polypeptides with a broad spectrum of potent antimicrobial activities. In addition, ALFs have been shown to recognize LPS, a major component of the Gram-negative bacteria cell wall, through conserved amino acid residues exposed in the four-stranded β-sheet of their three dimensional structure. In penaeid shrimp, ALFs form a diverse family of antimicrobial peptides composed by three main variants, classified as ALF Groups A to C. Here, we identified a novel group of ALFs in shrimp (Group D ALFs), which corresponds to anionic polypeptides in which many residues of the LPS binding site are lacking. Both Group B (cationic) and Group D (anionic) shrimp ALFs were produced in a heterologous expression system. Group D ALFs were found to have impaired LPS-binding activities and only limited antimicrobial activity compared to Group B ALFs. Interestingly, all four ALF groups were shown to be simultaneously expressed in an individual shrimp and to follow different patterns of gene expression in response to a microbial infection. Group B was by far the more expressed of the ALF genes. From our results, nucleotide sequence variations in shrimp ALFs result in functional divergence, with significant differences in LPS-binding and antimicrobial activities. To our knowledge, this is the first functional characterization of the sequence diversity found in the ALF family.
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