ArticleDepression and anxiety2014
Insula and anterior cingulate GABA levels in posttraumatic stress disorder: preliminary findings using magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Article in Depression and anxiety, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain GABA levels across psychiatric disorders: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of (1) H-MRS studies.Human brain mapping · 2016Pooled it
- Neuroimaging Insights: Kava's (Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Toward an Embodied Medicine: A Portable Device with Programmable Interoceptive Stimulation for Heart Rate Variability Enhancement.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Trial
- Neurophysiological markers of GABAergic and glutamatergic function associated with childhood adversity in adolescent depression: An exploratory transcranial magnetic stimulation study.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2026Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiometabolic dysfunction: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.iScience · 2026Review
- Fatigue in major depression is linked to depression severity, not sleep duration or anterior cingulate cortex neurochemistry.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Neuroradiological features across major psychiatric disorders and behavioral variant of Alzheimer's disease: a concise multimodal synthesis.Psychoradiology · 2026Review
- Myo-Inositol Levels in the Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex Are Associated With Anxiety-to-Eat in Anorexia Nervosa.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Ketogenic therapy as a potential novel treatment approach for PTSD: an integrative review and proposed mechanistic model.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Precision phenotyping of elevated arousal in posttraumatic stress disorder: implications for personalized GABAergic pharmacotherapy.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Excitability-margin narrowing as a candidate gating mechanism for maladaptive circuit reactivation: a ventral CA1-centered model.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Affective Visual Circuit Dysfunction in Trauma and Stress-Related Disorders.Biological psychiatry · 2025Review
- Interoception in pregnancy: Implications for peripartum depression.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024Review
- Article
- Stress-Resilience Impacts Psychological Wellbeing: Evidence from Brain-Gut Microbiome Interactions.Nature. Mental health · 2024Article
- Longitudinal trajectories of anterior cingulate glutamate and subclinical psychotic experiences in early adolescence: the impact of bullying victimization.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Anhedonia and Delay Discounting: Differing Patterns of Brain-Behavior Relationships in Healthy Control Participants Versus Individuals With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2024Article
- Structural equation modeling of treatment-related changes in neural connectivity for youth with PTSD.Journal of affective disorders · 2023Article
- Cross-sectional study of retrospective self-reported childhood emotional neglect and inhibitory neurometabolite levels in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex in adult humans.Neurobiology of stress · 2023Article
- Progress in the application of molecular imaging in psychiatric disorders.Psychoradiology · 2023Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIncreased reactivity of the insular cortex and decreased activity of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are seen in functional imaging studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and may partly explain the persistent fear and anxiety proneness that characterize the disorder. A possible neurochemical correlate is altered function of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). We report results from what we believe is the first study applying proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1) H-MRS) to measure brain GABA in PTSD.
methodsThirteen adults with DSM-IV PTSD and 13 matched healthy control subjects underwent single voxel (1) H-MRS at 4 Tesla. GABA was measured in the right anterior insula and dorsal ACC, using Mescher-Garwood Point-Resolved Echo Spectroscopy Sequence (MEGAPRESS) spectral editing. Subjects were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale, and also completed the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory.
resultsInsula GABA was significantly lower in PTSD subjects than in controls, and dorsal ACC GABA did not differ significantly between the groups. Insula GABA was not significantly associated with severity of PTSD symptoms. However, lower insula GABA was associated with significantly higher state and trait anxiety in the subject sample as a whole.
conclusionsPTSD is associated with reduced GABA in the right anterior insula. This preliminary evidence of the (1) H-MRS GABA metabolite as a possible biomarker of PTSD encourages replication in larger samples and examination of relations with symptom dimensions. Future studies also should examine whether insula GABA is a marker of anxiety proneness, cutting across clinical diagnostic categories.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.