Trial reportNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2013
Transcranial direct current stimulation enhances recovery of stereopsis in adults with amblyopia.
Trial report in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07752433 (Combining Noninvasive Brain Stimulation and Augmented Reality-based Dichoptic Therapy for Treating Amblyopic Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 46 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Combining Noninvasive Brain Stimulation and Augmented Reality-based Dichoptic Therapy for Treating Amblyopic Adults
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Binocular versus standard occlusion or blurring treatment for unilateral amblyopia in children aged three to eight years.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Non-invasive current stimulation in vision recovery: a review of the literature.Restorative neurology and neuroscience · 2020Pooled it
- The challenges of amblyopia treatment.Biomedical journal · 2015Pooled it
- Binocular versus standard occlusion or blurring treatment for unilateral amblyopia in children aged three to eight years.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Treatment strategies for amblyopia in adults: an overview of conventional methods and new technologies.Romanian journal of ophthalmologyPooled it
- Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Does Not Enhance Perceptual Learning of Chinese Character Reading in Adults With Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Trial
- Glaucoma Rehabilitation Using ElectricAI Transcranial Stimulation (GREAT)-Optimizing Stimulation Protocol for Vision Enhancement Using an RCT.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Trial
- Transcranial direct current stimulation of the prefrontal and visual cortices diversely affects early and late perceptual learning.Brain and behavior · 2024Trial
- The Effect of Combined Patching and Citalopram on Visual Acuity in Adults with Amblyopia: A Randomized, Crossover, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Neural plasticity · 2019Trial
- Binocular treatment of amblyopia using videogames (BRAVO): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.Trials · 2016Trial
- Theta burst stimulation of the visual cortex does not alter contrast sensitivity under optically induced blur.PloS one · 2026Article
- Noninvasive transcranial brain stimulation for eye diseases and visual dysfunctions: A systematic review of RCTs.iScience · 2025Article
- Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation does not alter GABA concentration or functional connectivity in the normal visual cortex.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on stereoscopic vision and retinal structure in adult amblyopic rodents.Eye and brain · 2024Article
- Effectiveness and Safety of Non-Invasive Neuromodulation for Vision Restoration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press) · 2024Review
- Short-term ocular dominance plasticity is not modulated by visual cortex tDCS but increases with length of monocular deprivation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Defects and asymmetries in the visual pathway of non-human primates with natural strabismus and amblyopia.Zoological research · 2023Article
- Can visual cortex non-invasive brain stimulation improve normal visual function? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Combined therapy of bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation and ocular occlusion improves visual function in adults with amblyopia, a randomized pilot study.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Amblyopia is a neurodevelopmental disorder of vision caused by abnormal visual experience during early childhood that is often considered to be untreatable in adulthood. Recently, it has been shown that a novel dichoptic videogame-based treatment for amblyopia can improve visual function in adult patients, at least in part, by reducing inhibition of inputs from the amblyopic eye to the visual cortex. Non-invasive anodal transcranial direct current stimulation has been shown to reduce the activity of inhibitory cortical interneurons when applied to the primary motor or visual cortex. In this double-blind, sham-controlled cross-over study we tested the hypothesis that anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of the visual cortex would enhance the therapeutic effects of dichoptic videogame-based treatment. A homogeneous group of 16 young adults (mean age 22.1 ± 1.1 years) with amblyopia were studied to compare the effect of dichoptic treatment alone and dichoptic treatment combined with visual cortex direct current stimulation on measures of binocular (stereopsis) and monocular (visual acuity) visual function. The combined treatment led to greater improvements in stereoacuity than dichoptic treatment alone, indicating that direct current stimulation of the visual cortex boosts the efficacy of dichoptic videogame-based treatment. This intervention warrants further evaluation as a novel therapeutic approach for adults with amblyopia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.