ReviewNutrients2013
Cardiovascular effects of calcium supplements.
Review in Nutrients, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Dietary calcium intake and mortality risk from cardiovascular disease and all causes: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.BMC medicine · 2014Pooled it
- Manipulating calcium homeostasis with nanoplatforms for enhanced cancer therapy.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2024Review
- The correlation between coagulation biomarkers, bone turnover markers, and bone mineral density in Chinese adults aged ≥ 50 years.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- Longitudinal Effects of Serum Calcium and Phosphate Levels and Their Ratio on Incident Ischemic Heart Disease among Korean Adults.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity is significantly increased in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and significantly related with serum calcium level.Journal of ultrasound · 2021Article
- What Can We Change in Diet and Behaviour in Order to Decrease Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Patients with Obesity?Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- Quality of prescribing predicts hospitalisation in octogenarians: life and living in advanced age: a cohort study in New Zealand (LiLACS NZ).BMC geriatrics · 2019Article
- Borderline high serum calcium levels are associated with arterial stiffness and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk determined by Framingham risk score.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2019Article
- The Bone-Vasculature Axis: Calcium Supplementation and the Role of Vitamin K.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2019Review
- Lifestyle Management of Diabetes: Implications for the Bone-Vascular Axis.Current diabetes reports · 2018Review
- Evolutionarily derived networks to inform disease pathways.Genetic epidemiology · 2017Article
- Minerals and Trace Elements Intakes and Food Consumption Patterns of Young Children Living in Rural Areas of Tibet Autonomous Region, P.R. China: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
- Stimulation of calcium-sensing receptors induces endothelium-dependent vasorelaxations via nitric oxide production and activation of IKCa channels.Vascular pharmacology · 2016Article
- Incorporating bazedoxifene into the treatment paradigm for postmenopausal osteoporosis in Japan.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2015Review
- Proper Calcium Use: Vitamin K2 as a Promoter of Bone and Cardiovascular Health.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2015Review
- Physicians' attitudes to contemporary issues on osteoporosis management in Korea.Journal of bone metabolism · 2014Article
- To assess vascular calcification in the patients of hypoparathyroidism using multidetector computed tomography scan.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolismArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Calcium supplements reduce bone turnover and slow the rate of bone loss. However, few studies have demonstrated reduced fracture incidence with calcium supplements, and meta-analyses show only a 10% decrease in fractures, which is of borderline statistical and clinical significance. Trials in normal older women and in patients with renal impairment suggest that calcium supplements increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. To further assess their safety, we recently conducted a meta-analysis of trials of calcium supplements, and found a 27%-31% increase in risk of myocardial infarction, and a 12%-20% increase in risk of stroke. These findings are robust because they are based on pre-specified analyses of randomized, placebo-controlled trials and are consistent across the trials. Co-administration of vitamin D with calcium does not lessen these adverse effects. The increased cardiovascular risk with calcium supplements is consistent with epidemiological data relating higher circulating calcium concentrations to cardiovascular disease in normal populations. There are several possible pathophysiological mechanisms for these effects, including effects on vascular calcification, vascular cells, blood coagulation and calcium-sensing receptors. Thus, the non-skeletal risks of calcium supplements appear to outweigh any skeletal benefits, and are they appear to be unnecessary for the efficacy of other osteoporosis treatments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.