ReviewMicrobial biotechnology2013
Microbial production and chemical transformation of poly-γ-glutamate.
Review in Microbial biotechnology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Probiotic microcapsule polysaccharide-protein composite system: construction, mechanism and application.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Tailor-made poly-γ-glutamic acid for property diversity and biological function.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Metabolomic insights into glutamate-induced γ-PGA biosynthesis and process optimization in Bacillus subtilis SCP017-03 for scalable production.Bioprocess and biosystems engineering · 2025Article
- Identification and characterization of archaeal pseudomurein biosynthesis genes through pangenomics.mSystems · 2025Article
- Microbial production and functional assessment ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Poly (γ) glutamic acid: a unique microbial biopolymer with diverse commercial applicability.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Review
- Genetic and metabolic engineering for poly-γ-glutamic acid production: current progress, challenges, and prospects.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2022Review
- Recent Advances in Microbial Synthesis of Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid: A Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- From Residues to Added-Value Bacterial Biopolymers as Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Effects of cell physiological structure on the fermentation broth viscosity during poly-γ-glutamic acid production by Bacillus subtilis GXA-28.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Characterization of a membrane enzymatic complex for heterologous production of poly-γ-glutamate inMetabolic engineering communications · 2020Article
- Metabolic engineering of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LL3 for enhanced poly-γ-glutamic acid synthesis.Microbial biotechnology · 2019Article
- Poly-Gamma-Glutamic Acid (γ-PGA)-Based Encapsulation of Adenovirus to Evade Neutralizing Antibodies.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Poly-L-gamma-glutamic acid production by recombinant Bacillus subtilis without pgsA gene.AMB Express · 2018Article
- The Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Graft Copolymers Composed of γ-PGA Backbone and Oligoesters Pendant Chains.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2017Article
- Increasing the bioflocculant production and identifying the effect of overexpressing epsB on the synthesis of polysaccharide and γ-PGA in Bacillus licheniformis.Microbial cell factories · 2017Article
- Microbial production of poly-γ-glutamic acid.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2017Review
- Effect of glucose on poly-γ-glutamic acid metabolism in Bacillus licheniformis.Microbial cell factories · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Poly-γ-glutamate (PGA), a novel polyamide material with industrial applications, possesses a nylon-like backbone, is structurally similar to polyacrylic acid, is biodegradable and is safe for human consumption. PGA is frequently found in the mucilage of natto, a Japanese traditional fermented food. To date, three different types of PGA, namely a homo polymer of D-glutamate (D-PGA), a homo polymer of L-glutamate (L-PGA), and a random copolymer consisting of D- and L-glutamate (DL-PGA), are known. This review will detail the occurrence and physiology of PGA. The proposed reaction mechanism of PGA synthesis including its localization and the structure of the involved enzyme, PGA synthetase, are described. The occurrence of multiple carboxyl residues in PGA likely plays a role in its relative unsuitability for the development of bio-nylon plastics and thus, establishment of an efficient PGA-reforming strategy is of great importance. Aside from the potential applications of PGA proposed to date, a new technique for chemical transformation of PGA is also discussed. Finally, some techniques for PGA and its derivatives in advanced material technology are presented.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.