ArticleJournal of bacteriology2013
Initiation with elongator tRNAs.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cost of Altered Translation Accuracy Shapes Adaptation to Antibiotics in E. coli.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Simultaneous in vitro expression of minimal 21 transfer RNAs by tRNA array method.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cys-tRNAj as a Second Translation Initiator for Priming Proteins with Cysteine in Bacteria.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Physiological significance of the two isoforms of initiator tRNAs inJournal of bacteriology · 2024Article
- Lamotrigine compromises the fidelity of initiator tRNA recruitment to the ribosomal P-site by IF2 and the RbfA release from 30S ribosomes inRNA biology · 2023Article
- The impact of mistranslation on phenotypic variability and fitness.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2021Article
- Initiating protein synthesis with noncanonical monomers in vitro and in vivo.Methods in enzymology · 2021Article
- Global mistranslation increases cell survival under stress in Escherichia coli.PLoS genetics · 2020Article
- Rapid formylation of the cellular initiator tRNA population makes a crucial contribution to its exclusive participation at the step of initiation.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- Toxins targeting transfer RNAs: Translation inhibition by bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA · 2019Review
- Coevolution of the translational machinery optimizes initiation with unusual initiator tRNAs and initiation codons in mycoplasmas.RNA biology · 2018Article
- An evolutionarily conserved element in initiator tRNAs prompts ultimate steps in ribosome maturation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Evolution of initiator tRNAs and selection of methionine as the initiating amino acid.RNA biology · 2016Article
- Non-canonical roles of tRNAs and tRNA mimics in bacterial cell biology.Molecular microbiology · 2016Review
- Anticodon Modifications in the tRNA Set of LUCA and the Fundamental Regularity in the Standard Genetic Code.PloS one · 2016Article
- Review
- Is the cellular initiation of translation an exclusive property of the initiator tRNAs?RNA biology · 2015Article
- Regulation of translation by one-carbon metabolism in bacteria and eukaryotic organelles.The Journal of biological chemistryReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In all domains of life, initiator tRNA functions exclusively at the first step of protein synthesis while elongator tRNAs extend the polypeptide chain. Unique features of initiator tRNA enable it to preferentially bind the ribosomal P site and initiate translation. Recently, we showed that the abundance of initiator tRNA also contributes to its specialized role. This motivates the question, can a cell also use elongator tRNA to initiate translation under certain conditions? To address this, we introduced non-AUG initiation codons CCC (Pro), GAG (Glu), GGU (Gly), UCU (Ser), UGU (Cys), ACG (Thr), AAU (Asn), and AGA (Arg) into the uracil DNA glycosylase gene (ung) used as a reporter gene. Enzyme assays from log-phase cells revealed initiation from non-AUG codons when intracellular initiator tRNA levels were reduced. The activity increased significantly in stationary phase. Further increases in initiation from non-AUG codons occurred in both growth phases upon introduction of plasmid-borne genes of cognate elongator tRNAs. Since purine-rich Shine-Dalgarno sequences occur frequently on mRNAs (in places other than the canonical AUG codon initiation contexts), initiation with elongator tRNAs from the alternate contexts may generate proteome diversity under stress without compromising genomic integrity. Thus, by changing the relative amounts of initiator and elongator tRNAs within the cell, we have blurred the distinction between the two classes of tRNAs thought to be frozen through years of evolution.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.