ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2013
Live attenuated influenza vaccine, but not pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, protects against increased density and duration of pneumococcal carriage after influenza infection in pneumococcal colonized mice.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blocking Extracellular Cyclophilin A-Mediated Adhesion Protects Against Bacterial Infection.MedComm · 2026Article
- Research trends and key contributors in studies on influenza vaccines for children: A 20-year bibliometric analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Temporal Changes in Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Colonization Density Associated With Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza in a South African Household Cohort Study, 2016-2018.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Relationship between molecular pathogen detection and clinical disease in febrile children across Europe: a multicentre, prospective observational study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2023Article
- Article
- Interleukin-4 protects mice against lethal influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae co-infected pneumonia.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Article
- A Murine Model for Enhancement of Streptococcus pneumoniae Pathogenicity upon Viral Infection and Advanced Age.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Virus-Induced Changes of the Respiratory Tract Environment Promote Secondary Infections WithFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- The Potential of Influenza HA-Specific Immunity in Mitigating Lethality of Postinfluenza Pneumococcal Infections.Vaccines · 2019Article
- Article
- Impact of viral upper respiratory tract infection on the concentration of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage among Kenyan children.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- The Unexpected Impact of Vaccines on Secondary Bacterial Infections Following Influenza.Viral immunology · 2018Review
- Influenza interaction with cocirculating pathogens and its impact on surveillance, pathogenesis, and epidemic profile: A key role for mathematical modelling.PLoS pathogens · 2018Review
- Quantifying the therapeutic requirements and potential for combination therapy to prevent bacterial coinfection during influenza.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2017Article
- Postviral Complications: Bacterial Pneumonia.Clinics in chest medicine · 2017Review
- Kinetics of antibodies against pneumococcal proteins and their relationship to nasopharyngeal carriage in the first two months of life.PloS one · 2017Article
- The role of influenza in the epidemiology of pneumonia.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Limited Efficacy of Antibacterial Vaccination Against Secondary Serotype 3 Pneumococcal Pneumonia Following Influenza Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Live attenuated influenza virus increases pneumococcal translocation and persistence within the middle ear.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Secondary bacterial infections due to Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, responsible for excess morbidity and mortality during influenza epidemics, are often preceded by excess bacterial density within the upper respiratory tract. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccines reduce secondary infections within the lungs; however, their effects on upper respiratory tract carriage remain unknown. We demonstrate that a live attenuated influenza vaccine significantly reduces pneumococcal growth and duration of carriage during subsequent influenza to levels seen in influenza-naive controls. No benefit was seen after pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Our results suggest that live attenuated influenza vaccines may significantly reduce bacterial disease during influenza epidemics.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.