Trial reportEuropean journal of pediatrics2013
Vitamin D fortification of growing up milk prevents decrease of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations during winter: a clinical intervention study in Germany.
Trial report in European journal of pediatrics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Individual participant data (IPD)-level meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials with vitamin D-fortified foods to estimate Dietary Reference Values for vitamin D.European journal of nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- The impact of vitamin D food fortification and health outcomes in children: a systematic review and meta-regression.Systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Vitamin D Food Fortification and Nutritional Status in Children: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation, Food Fortification, or Bolus Injection on Vitamin D Status in Children Aged 2-18 Years: A Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Pooled it
- Development and evaluation of food-based dietary recommendations for New Zealand toddlers using linear and goal programming.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Research on commercial milk formulas for young children: A scoping review.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Article
- Fortification of Staple Foods for Household Use with Vitamin D: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Vitamin D in pediatric age: Current evidence, recommendations, and misunderstandings.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Milk beverages can reduce nutrient inadequacy among Brazilian pre-school children: a dietary modelling study.BMC nutrition · 2022Article
- Different Vitamin D Supplementation Strategies in the First Years of Life: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Middle East consensus recommendations on the use of young child formula (YCF) in toddlers.Journal of nutritional science · 2022Review
- Trends in Vitamin D Status Around the World.JBMR plus · 2021Article
- Patterns of the Consumption of Young Children Formula in Chinese Children Aged 1-3 Years and Implications for Nutrient Intake.Nutrients · 2020Article
- The Role of Young Child Formula in Ensuring a Balanced Diet in Young Children (1-3 Years Old).Nutrients · 2019Observational
- No improvement in vitamin D status in German infants and adolescents between 2009 and 2014 despite public recommendations to increase vitamin D intake in 2012.European journal of nutrition · 2019Article
- Vitamin D in pediatric age: consensus of the Italian Pediatric Society and the Italian Society of Preventive and Social Pediatrics, jointly with the Italian Federation of Pediatricians.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2018Review
- Low vitamin D deficiency in Irish toddlers despite northerly latitude and a high prevalence of inadequate intakes.European journal of nutrition · 2018Article
- A Belgian consensus-statement on growing-up milks for children 12-36 months old.European journal of pediatrics · 2014Article
- Vitamin D intake and status in 12-month-old infants at 63-66° N.Nutrients · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vitamin D plays an important role in human health. Current recommendations for vitamin D intake and endogenous supply through sun exposure are not met in German pre-school children, and suboptimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, especially during the winter months, are common. Consequently, vitamin D supplementation or fortification have gained increased acceptance. The KiMi trial (Kindermilch=growing up milk) was a prospective, randomized, and double-blind study in which young children (2-6 years of age, n=92) were assigned to receive either vitamin D-fortified growing up milk (2.85 μg/100 ml) or semi skimmed cow's milk without added vitamin D. Daily consumption of fortified growing up milk contributed to the prevention of an otherwise frequently observed decrease in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration during winter (before winter: median 21.5 ng/mL (10.1-43.0 ng/mL) intervention vs. median 18.4 ng/mL (11.0-44.9 ng/mL) control; after winter: median 24.8 ng/mL (7.0-48.2 ng/mL) intervention vs. median 13.6 ng/mL (7.0-36.8 ng/mL) control) and proved to be safe during summer (median 27.6 ng/mL (18.8-40.5 ng/mL) intervention vs. median 27.4 ng/mL (17.8-38.7 ng/mL) control). Due to the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, fortification of growing up milk with vitamin D at a level used in this study could be an effective measure to improve vitamin D status.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.