ArticleFrontiers in immunology2013
Unique Versus Redundant Functions of IL-1α and IL-1β in the Tumor Microenvironment.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mind-body therapies for pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with depression: findings from a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Blocking IL-1β reverses the immunosuppression in mouse breast cancer and synergizes with anti-PD-1 for tumor abrogation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Trial
- Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: implications for immunotherapy and molecular biomarkers.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- C-terminal interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1α) overexpression drives EMT and a vulnerability to ferroptosis in HNSCC.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Progress in Designing Cytokine Antagonist Antibodies for Cancer Therapy.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- The potential of cytokine polymorphisms as biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- A moonlighting function of tumoral interleukin-1β precursor promotes metastasis via RACK1-mediated actin remodeling.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Neutrophils in non-small cell lung cancer and immunotherapy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Integrative analysis of single-cell and bulk transcriptome data reveals age-related immune cell alterations in primary glioblastoma associated with prognosis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Discovery of Blood-Based Proteins That Mark Benzo[a]pyrene Modulation of Autoimmunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal roles of inflammatory cytokines in thyroid cancer pathogenesis.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- IL-1α Promotes Cancer Cell Migration and Is a Potential Prognostic Marker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancers · 2025Article
- Cytokine Networks in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Targets, and Emerging Strategies.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- The In Vitro Effects of Choline on Non-Esterified Fatty Acid-Treated Bovine Peripheral Blood Leukocytes.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- SOAT1 Activates NLRP3 Inflammasome to Promote Cancer-Related Lymphangiogenesis and Metastasis via IL-1β/IL-1R-1 Axis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2025Article
- Blockade of IL-1 family cytokines in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Phosphodiesterase 7: a potential novel therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Article
- Toripalimab, a therapeutic monoclonal anti-PD-1 antibody with high binding affinity to PD-1 and enhanced potency to activate human T cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Circulating Biomarkers Involved in the Development of and Progression to Chronic Pancreatitis-A Literature Review.Biomolecules · 2024Review
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a major "alarm" upstream pro-inflammatory cytokine that also affects immunity and hematopoiesis by inducing cytokine cascades. In the tumor arena, IL-1 is produced by malignant or microenvironmental cells. As a pleiotropic cytokine, IL-1 is involved in tumorigenesis and tumor invasiveness but also in the control of anti-tumor immunity. IL-1α and IL-1β are the major agonists of IL-1, while IL-1Ra is a physiological inhibitor of pre-formed IL-1. In their secreted form, IL-1α and IL-1β bind to the same receptors and induce the same biological functions, but IL-1α and IL-1β differ in their compartmentalization within the producing cell or the microenvironment. IL-1β is only active in its processed, secreted form, and mediates inflammation, which promotes carcinogenesis, tumor invasiveness, and immunosuppression, whereas IL-1α is mainly cell-associated and in the tumor context, when expressed on the cell membrane, it stimulates anti-tumor cell immunity manifested by tumor regression. In the tumor milieu, extracellular levels of IL-1α are usually low and do not stimulate broad inflammation that promotes progression. Immunosuppression induced by IL-1β in the tumor microenvironment, mainly through MDSC induction, usually inhibits or masks anti-tumor cell immunity induced by cell-associated IL-1α. However, in different tumor systems, redundant or unique patterns of IL-1α and IL-1β expression and function have been observed. Recent breakthroughs in inflammasome biology and IL-1β processing/secretion have spurred the development of novel anti-IL-1 agents, which are being used in clinical trials in patients with diverse inflammatory diseases. Better understanding of the integrative role of IL-1α and IL-1β in distinct malignancies will facilitate the application of novel IL-1 modulation approaches at the bedside, in cancer patients with minimal residual disease (MRD), as an adjunct to conventional approaches to reduce the tumor burden.
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