Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23846857›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of psychiatry2013

Clinical phenotypes of psychosis in the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP).

Carol A Tamminga, Elena I Ivleva, Matcheri S Keshavan, Godfrey D Pearlson, Brett A Clementz, Bradley Witte, David W Morris, Jeffrey Bishop, Gunvant K Thaker, John A Sweeney

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 219 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
219citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
15.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

219 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 358 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. Article
  17. Understanding Psychotic Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  18. The breakthrough discoveries for thriving with bipolar disorder (BDInternational journal of bipolar disorders · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

159 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Carol A Tamminga
Elena I Ivleva
Matcheri S Keshavan
Godfrey D Pearlson
Brett A Clementz
Bradley Witte
David W Morris
Jeffrey Bishop
Gunvant K Thaker
John A Sweeney
University of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Bipolar & Schizophrenia Consortium for Parsing Intermediate PhenotypesR01MH077851 · NIMH · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI TAMMINGA, CAROL A · 2007 to 2019
$7.8M
Bipolar & Schizophrenia Consortium for Parsing Intermediate PhenotypesR01MH077945 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI PEARLSON, GODFREY D · 2007 to 2019
$7.6M
Stability of Biotypes: a Longitudinal EvaluationR01MH078113 · NIMH · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI KESHAVAN, MATCHERI S. · 2007 to 2019
$6.2M
Bipolar & Schizophrenia Consortium for Parsing Intermediate PhenotypesR01MH077852 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI THAKER, GUNVANT K · 2007 to 2010
$3.5M
Bipolar & Schizophrenia Consortium for Parsing Intermediate PhenotypesR01MH077862 · NIMH · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI SWEENEY, JOHN A · 2007 to 2010
$3.1M
NIMH NIH HHS MH-077851NIMH NIH HHS MH-077852NIMH NIH HHS MH-077862NIMH NIH HHS MH-077945NIMH NIH HHS MH-078113NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH077851NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH077852NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH077862NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH077945NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH078113
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveDeveloping categorical diagnoses that have biological meaning within the clinical phenotype of psychosis (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar I disorder with psychosis) is as important for developing targeted treatments as for nosological goals. The Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) was formed to examine a broad array of intermediate phenotypes across psychotic disorders and to test the hypothesis that intermediate phenotype characteristics are homogeneous within phenomenologically derived DSM-IV diagnoses.

methodThe consortium recruited 933 stable probands with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or psychotic bipolar I disorder, 1,055 of their first-degree relatives, and 459 healthy comparison subjects for clinical characterization and dense phenotyping. Clinical, psychosocial, and family characteristics were contrasted.

resultsAll proband groups showed lower psychosocial functioning than the relatives or comparison group. On average, schizophrenia probands showed more symptoms and lower psychosocial functioning than probands with psychotic bipolar disorder, but there was considerable overlap in clinical manifestations. The characteristics of schizoaffective disorder were more often similar to schizophrenia than to psychotic bipolar disorder. The rates of lifetime suicide attempts were high across all proband groups, with the highest reported frequencies in the schizoaffective and bipolar groups. Proband family lineages included both families with "pure" psychosis diagnoses and families with mixed schizophrenia-bipolar diagnoses.

conclusionsSymptoms, psychosocial functioning, and familial lineage overlap across the three DSM-IV psychosis diagnoses used in B-SNIP. The comingling of psychosis diagnoses within families suggests overlapping genetic determinants across psychoses. These data provide scant evidence for distinct phenotypic clustering around traditional phenomenological diagnoses.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PsychologicalAdultBipolar DisorderEducational StatusFamilyHumansInterview, PsychologicalMaleMarital StatusMiddle AgedPhenotypePsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaSchizophrenic PsychologySocial Class

Identifiers

PMID23846857
PMCPMC12866513
OpenAlexW2160939822

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.