ArticleBMC neurology2013
An ultrasound model to calculate the brain blood outflow through collateral vessels: a pilot study.
Article in BMC neurology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Cerebral Outflow Discrepancies in Recurrent Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: Focus on Ultrasonographic Examination.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Styloidogenic-cervical spondylotic internal jugular venous compression, a vascular disease related to several clinical neurological manifestations: diagnosis and treatment-a comprehensive literature review.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Review
- Modelling physiology of haemodynamic adaptation in short-term microgravity exposure and orthostatic stress on Earth.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Clinical Classification and Collateral Circulation in Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
- The eagle jugular syndrome.BMC neurology · 2019Article
- A multiscale model for the simulation of cerebral and extracerebral blood flows and pressures in humans.European journal of applied physiology · 2018Article
- Changes in expression profiles of internal jugular vein wall and plasma protein levels in multiple sclerosis.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2018Article
- Jugular Venous Flow Quantification Using Doppler Sonography.Ultrasound in medicine & biology · 2018Article
- Cerebral venous outflow participates in perihematomal edema after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2018Article
- Jugular Anomalies in Multiple Sclerosis Are Associated with Increased Collateral Venous Flow.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2017Article
- Age differences in arterial and venous extra-cerebral blood flow in healthy adults: contributions of vascular risk factors and genetic variants.Brain structure & function · 2017Article
- Validation of a Hemodynamic Model for the Study of the Cerebral Venous Outflow System Using MR Imaging and Echo-Color Doppler Data.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2016Article
- The cerebral venous system and the postural regulation of intracranial pressure: implications in the management of patients with cerebrospinal fluid diversion.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2016Review
- Why Current Doppler Ultrasound Methodology Is Inaccurate in Assessing Cerebral Venous Return: The Alternative of the Ultrasonic Jugular Venous Pulse.Behavioural neurology · 2016Review
- An anatomy-based lumped parameter model of cerebrospinal venous circulation: can an extracranial anatomical change impact intracranial hemodynamics?BMC neurology · 2015Article
- Patterns of chronic venous insufficiency in the dural sinuses and extracranial draining veins and their relationship with white matter hyperintensities for patients with Parkinson's disease.Journal of vascular surgery · 2015Article
- The Oscillating Component of the Internal Jugular Vein Flow: The Overlooked Element of Cerebral Circulation.Behavioural neurology · 2015Article
- Calcium micro-depositions in jugular truncular venous malformations revealed by Synchrotron-based XRF imaging.Scientific reports · 2014Article
- Comment on "Reproducibility of cerebrospinal venous blood flow and vessel anatomy with the use of phase contrast-vastly undersampled isotropic projection reconstruction and contrast-enhanced MRA".AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe quantification of the flow returning from the head through the cervical veins and the collaterals of the internal jugular vein (IJV), is becoming of prominent interest in clinical practice. We developed a novel model to calculate the cerebral venous return, normalized to the arterial inflow, in the different segments of the IJV.
methodsWe assessed, by established Echo Colour Doppler (ECD) methodology, the head inflow (HBinF) defined as the sum of common carotids and vertebral arteries, as well as the cerebral flow (CBF) defined as the sum of internal carotid and vertebral arteries. We also assessed the head outflow (HBoutF) defined as the sum of the measurements at the junction of the IJV and the vertebral veins. In addition, we also calculated the collateral flow index (CFI) by estimating the flow which re-enters directly into the superior vena cava as the amount of blood extrapolated by the difference between the HBinF and the HBoutF. We preliminarily tested the model by comparing ten healthy controls (HC) with ten patients affected by chronic cerebral spinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI), a condition characterized by some blockages in the IJV which are bypassed by collateral circulation.
resultsIn HC the HBinF was 956+-105ml/min, whereas the HBoutF was > 90% of the HBinF, leading to a final CFI value of 1%. The last result shows that a very small amount of blood is drained by the collaterals. In upright we confirmed a reduction of the outflow through the IJV which increased CFI to 9%. When we applied the model to CCSVI, the HBinF was not significantly different from controls. In supine, the flow of CCSVI patients in the IJV junction was significantly lower (p < 0.001) while the correspondent CFI value significantly increased (61%, p < 0.0002).
conclusionsOur preliminary application of the novel model in the clinical setting suggests the pivotal role of the collateral network in draining the blood into the superior vena cava under CCSVI condition.
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