ArticleInternational journal of endocrinology and metabolism2012
Hashimoto encephalopathy: a rare intricate syndrome.
Article in International journal of endocrinology and metabolism, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Difficulties in the Diagnostics and Treatment of Hashimoto's Encephalopathy-A Systematic and Critical Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Article
- Article
- A U-shaped non-linear association between serum uric acid levels and the risk of Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Article
- Steroid-Responsive Encephalopathy Associated With Autoimmune Thyroiditis Presenting With Parkinsonism.Cureus · 2024Article
- Characterization of neural mechanotransduction response in human traumatic brain injury organoid model.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Ataxias: Hereditary, Acquired, and Reversible Etiologies.Seminars in neurology · 2023Article
- Review
- Article
- Assessment of Visual and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.Journal of immunology research · 2021Article
- Hashimoto Encephalopathy With Status Epilepticus.Cureus · 2020Article
- Is heart disease a risk factor for low dementia test battery scores in older persons with Down syndrome? Exploratory, pilot study, and commentary.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2020Article
- Rare case of Hashimoto's encephalitis mimicking grief reaction.BMJ case reports · 2019Article
- Hashimoto Encephalopathy.Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation · 2018Article
- Steroid Responsive Encephalopathy Associated with Autoantibodies to Thyroperoxidase (STREAT), Presenting with Acute Stroke in a Young Female Patient.Journal of vascular and interventional neurology · 2017Article
- Hashimoto's Encephalopathy Presenting with Unusual Behavioural Disturbances in an Adolescent Girl.Case reports in medicine · 2017Article
- Steroid-Responsive Encephalopathy Associated with Autoimmune Thyroiditis Presenting with Fever and Confusion.Case reports in neurological medicine · 2017Article
- Hashimoto Encephalopathy with an Unusual Presentation of Status Epilepticus Seizures: A Case Report.Iranian journal of public health · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recently, several patients have been reported with various signs of encephalopathy and high thyroid antibody levels together with good responsiveness to glucocorticoid therapy. Despite the various clinical presentations, these cases have been termed "Hashimoto encephalopathy" (HE). Although all of the pathogenic components have not yet been clearly elucidated, it is believed that brain vasculitis and autoimmunity directed against common brain-thyroid antigens represent the most likely etiologic pathway. The most common clinical signs include unexplained or epilepsy-like seizures resistant to anti-convulsive treatment, confusion, headaches, hallucinations, stroke-like episodes, coma, impairment of cognitive function, behavioral and mood disturbance, focal neurological deficits, disturbance of consciousness, ataxia, and presenile dementia, together with the presence of high thyroid antibody levels, especially against thyroperoxidase (TPOab). In most cases, the thyroid function is normal or decreased; the thyroid function is rarely increased. The examination of the cerebrospinal fluid, EEG, MRI, SPECT, and neuropsychological examinations are primarily used as diagnostic tools. Most cases showed neural symptoms for months before the acute onset; in some cases, a dramatic acute onset was described. Once the diagnosis is made, corticosteroid treatment usually provides a dramatic recovery. The authors also present a short review of literary cases reported in last decade.
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